2-氯乙胺盐酸盐的合成工艺研究

以乙醇胺为原料用液相法经成盐酸盐化及氯化两步反应合成２ 氯乙胺盐酸盐,研究了反应的主要影响因素。成盐反应在室温下,乙醇胺与浓盐酸１∶１条件下中和反应。氯化反应以甲苯为溶剂,乙醇胺盐酸盐与二氯亚砜的摩尔比为１∶１０４,反应温度６６℃,反应时间２５ｈ,获得了最佳反应结果,产品总收率９５８％,纯度９９１％。     

焦化粗苯两段加氢精制Ni-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3和Co-Mo-P/TiO_2-Al_2O_3催化剂

采用分步浸渍法制备了系列Ni-Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3和Co-Mo-P/TiO_2-Al_2O_3催化剂,在固定床微型反应装置上考察了n(Ni):n(Ni+Mo)、n(Co):n(Co+Mo)、P的添加量对催化剂预加氢和主加氢反应性能的影响;对粗苯两段加氢精制的工艺条件进行了研究。实验结果表明,2Ni-8Mo/TiO_2-Al_2O_3预加氢催化剂(NiO和MoO_3质量分数分别为2%和8%)和2Co-8Mo-1P/TiO_2-Al_2O_3主加氢催化剂(CoO,MoO_3,P_2O_5质量分数分别为2%,8%,1%)对粗苯加氢反应效果最好;粗苯两段加氢精制最优工艺条件为:预加氢反应温度190～230℃、主加氢反应温度310～360℃、反应压力2.0～3.5MPa、液态空速2.0～3.5h~(-1)、氢油体积比350～800,在此条件下加氢液体产物中噻吩硫含量为零,苯、甲苯和二甲苯总收率保持在99%以上;催化剂在160h的稳定性实验中表现出良好的稳定性。     

助剂对钌基氨合成催化剂活性的作用研究

利用等体积浸渍法制备了活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂,考察了助剂Ba、K、Sm对催化活性的影响,探讨了其改善活性的调变规律。用TPD技术研究了氮在系列催化剂上的脱附行为。研究结果表明,助剂Ba、K、Sm的加入显著地提高了催化剂的活性,多助剂催化剂的活性明显优于单助剂催化剂。稀土金属氧化物Sm2O3除具有助催作用外,还有助于催化剂的热稳定性及钌的分散。在钌基氨合成催化反应中,N2 分子的活化离解是速控步骤。氮的脱附活化能愈低,催化活性愈高,其脱附活化能次序为Ru>Ru-Sm>Ru-K>Ru-Ba>Ru-Sm-K>Ru-Sm-Ba>Ru-Ba-K>Ru-Sm-Ba-K。     

N,N—二甲基乙胺的合成

以乙醇胺为原料，经成盐、氯化，Ｎ－甲基化等３步反应合成Ｎ，Ｎ－二甲基忆二胺，总收率为７３．６％。     

Effect of samarium on methanation resistance of activated carbon supported ruthenium catalyst for ammonia synthesis

The effects of samarium(Sm) on carbon-methanation and catalytic activity of the Ba-Ru-K/AC (active carbon) catalyst for ammonia synthesis were investigated. The addition of samarium improved significantly the activity and stability of the catalyst. The results of temperature-programmed desorption (H2-TPD) and in-situ-TPSR FTIR indicated that samarium impeded the adsorption of hydrogen on the catalyst surface, thus leading to the high catalytic activity and resistance to carbon-methanation. XRD patterns reve...     

由乙醇胺制备N,N—二甲基乙二胺

该文以乙醇胺为原料经酸化、氯化、氮甲基化合成Ｎ、Ｎ－二甲基乙二胺，收率７７．３％。     

尿激酶精制新工艺

报道了一种尿激酶精制新工艺。尿激酶粗品经 Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｇ－５０凝胶过滤、ＣＭ－Ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘ Ｃ－５０离子交换层析柱精制,再用硫酸铵沉淀,沉淀物溶解后经 Ｂｉｏ－Ｇｅｌ Ｐ－３０凝胶柱分离出高分子尿激酶和低分子尿激酶。酶活力总收率为６０％,纯化倍数为５０倍以上。     

负载型钌催化剂在化工中的应用

综合评述了制备负载型钌催化剂的研究现状,着重探讨了其在化学工业中的研究进展.所涉及的反应包括:氨合成、葡萄糖加氢合成山梨醇、苯加氢制环已烯、苯胺加氢制环己胺与二环己胺、二氧化碳甲烷化、催化湿式氧化等,并对它的应用前景进行了展望.     

活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂浸渍机理及条件研究

以活性炭为载体,RuCl3为钌活性前驱体,采用浸渍法制备了活性炭负载钌基氨合成催化剂,考察了浸渍条件对催化剂氨合成催化活性的影响．研究表明,在催化剂浸渍过程中,由开始的表面吸附控制逐渐向炭载体孔道内的扩散控制转变．Ru胶粒在活性炭孔道内的扩散是主要速控步骤,要获得优良的浸渍效果,适当的溶剂为H2O,同时还应控制钌浸渍水溶液的pH值在0．4～1．04左右．浸渍时间为18h,增加浸渍次数和添加竞争吸附剂的作用不明显．     

钌基氨合成催化剂氢氮吸附性能的研究

The effects of promoters K, Ba, Sm on the chemisorption and desorption of hydrogen and nitrogen, dispersion of metallic Ru and catalytic activity of active carbon (AC) supported ruthenium catalyst for ammonia synthesis have been studied by means of pulse chromatography, temperature-programmed desorption, and activity test. Promoters K, Ba and Sm increased the activity of Ru/AC catalysts for ammonia synthesis significantly, and particularly, potassium exhibited the best promotion on the activity because of the strong electronic donation to metallic Ru. Much higher activity can be obtained for Ru/AC catalyst with binary or triple promoters. The activity of Ru/AC catalyst is dependent on the adsorption of hydrogen and nitrogen. The high activity of catalyst could be ascribed to strong dissociation of nitrogen on the catalyst surface. Strong adsorption of hydrogen would inhibit the adsorption of nitrogen, resulted in decrease of the catalytic activity. Ru/AC catalyst promoted by Sm2O3 shows the best dispers