Pressure anomaly in the paramagnetic region of bcc solid3He

The isochoric pressure of bcc Solid³He in the vicinity of the triple point has been measured by changing the temperature stepwisely and waiting for thermal equilibrium. We observed anomalous pressure kinks of the temperature dependence in the paramagnetic region near the triple point. This anomaly appeared at 0.37 to 0.40 tesla, and disappeared below 0.36 tesla. Moreover, critical phenomena at the transition point from the paramagnetic phase (PP) to the high field phase was observed and the phase line curves toward the PP side.     

Surface structure of silver thin films on In2O3:Sn and Al2O 3 †

Surface structure of thin silver films (200 Å) on two technologically important films, indium tin oxide (ITO) and aluminium oxide, has been studied using scanning tunneling microscope. ITO films were prepared by reactive electron beam evaporation. Aluminium oxide films were prepared by oxidizing 2000 Å thick aluminium films evaporated on to H₂ terminated single crystal silicon substrates. The surface structure of silver on ITO and aluminium oxide appeared to be same and was characteristic of Stranski-Krastanov type. The observed asymmetry in the island shape was attributed to the anisotropic nature of the strain fields surrounding the nucleation centres.     

Recent advances in CKD and ESRD: A literature update

The past year has seen interesting publications in the fields of chronic kidney disease and end stage renal disease. This review highlights some of these important papers and places their findings in the context of clinical care.     

Studies on microbridges of superconducting YBCO thin film

Critical current densities of the superconducting Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO) films have been observed to decrease with the increase of power of microwave radiation. Presence of Josephson type of junctions in the microbridges has been established from the microwave irradiation and magnetic field studies. BCS energy gap parameter (2/kT _c ) has been calculated from thedI/dV characteristics and found to be 3.7 at 13 K.     

Perfectly matched layers for transient elastodynamics of unbounded domains

One approach to the numerical solution of a wave equation on an unbounded domain uses a bounded domain surrounded by an absorbing boundary or layer that absorbs waves propagating outward from the bounded domain. A perfectly matched layer (PML) is an unphysical absorbing layer model for linear wave equations that absorbs, almost perfectly, outgoing waves of all non‐tangential angles‐of‐incidence and of all non‐zero frequencies. In a recent work [Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 2003; 192: 1337–1375], the authors presented, inter alia, time‐harmonic governing equations of PMLs for anti‐plane and for plane‐strain motion of (visco‐) elastic media. This paper presents (a) corresponding time‐domain, displacement‐based governing equations of these PMLs and (b) displacement‐based finite element implementations of these equations, suitable for direct transient analysis. The finite element implementation of the anti‐plane PML is found to be symmetric, whereas that of the plane‐strain PML is not. Numerical results are presented for the anti‐plane motion of a semi‐infinite layer on a rigid base, and for the classical soil–structure interaction problems of a rigid strip‐footing on (i) a half‐plane, (ii) a layer on a half‐plane, and (iii) a layer on a rigid base. These results demonstrate the high accuracy achievable by PML models even with small bounded domains. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Beyond fathering behaviors: Types of dads.

Sixty-nine maritally intact, middle-class Caucasian families rearing their 15-month-old firstborn male child participated in a study of fathering. Two 1-hr naturalistic home observations per family were conducted near dinnertime to record father-child interactions, which were then used to rate father involvement. Cluster analysis of fathering ratings revealed 4 groups of dads: caretakers, playmates-teachers, disciplinarians, and disengaged fathers. Information on demographics, personality, marital quality, relatedness, moods and hassles, and infant emotionality was gathered via parental reports. Analysis of antecedent variables indicated that the caretaker and playmate-teacher fathers were more educated, had more prestigious occupations, were less neurotic, had more confidence in the dependability of others, and experienced fewer daily hassles than the disciplinarian and disengaged fathers. Discriminant analysis demonstrated the collective ability of the antecedent variables to distinguish the 4 groups of fathers. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

a-Si:H/CuInS2 heterojunctions for photovoltaic conversion

Heterojunctions of hydrogenated a-Si films prepared by r.f. sputtering with spraypyrolyzed CuInS₂ films have been studied. Capacitance-voltage measurements establish the formation of abrupt heterojunction. The barrier height varies from 0·26 to 0·55 V as the resistivity of CuInS₂ film decrease from 1·5 × 10³ to 65 Θm. These junctions exhibit photovoltaic behaviour withV _oc = 220 mV andI _sc = 0·20 mA/cm².