串联结构装置有助于原油脱水

静电和机械聚合串联在原油脱水装置内要比单纯用其中一种脱水效果好,并且装油速度快、温度要求低。除去原油中乳化水最有效的方法之一是使用高压电场。在高压电场作用下,分散在原油中的水滴被极化(即变成自然电荷)。带有相反电荷的液滴间的静电引力促进了它们的相互聚结,从而加速了混合液中水相的重力分离。     

非洲油气勘探区战略选择建议

非洲不同类型的沉积盆地主要可归纳为：古、中生代挠曲盆地，中、新生代大陆边缘断陷盆地，板内裂谷盆地和大陆边缘进积三角洲盆地。通过盆地油气成藏条件地质综合评价、不同勘探阶段的类比和最终勘探潜力分析，对非洲的沉积盆地进行了划分，在此基础上，总结出非洲油气勘探区选择应遵循的原则。对于油气勘探长期战略选区，原则上，优选低成本油气远景区，即使存在高风险，但亦可获得高回报；对于油气勘探中期发展策略选区，应该寻找地质条件好的油气资源区，投资中短期高利润项目；对于油气勘探中短期发展策略选区，一般应优选中低成本、低风险、低利润且短期能获得油气发现和勘探突破的有利油气勘探区。图1表3参5     

萧条的1992年促使轮胎生产者调整

萧条的１９９２年促使轮胎生产者调整ＢｒｕｃｅＤａｖｉｓ著曾泽新译吴秀兰校预期１９９２年的经济复苏并未实现，恢复的进程拖得比预期的更长。结果，大多数轮胎生产者被迫再次采取保守的经营，裁减人员，让股东对利润降低，甚至亏损作好思想准备。据报道，在大轮胎公司...     

采用多种农药治理抗性的理论、事实和建议

为延缓抗性发展而采用农药混用措施并不是一种新的想法,但最近越来越受到人们的关注.几种农药的合用包括有:"序列"(Sequences)、"混用"(mixtunes)、"轮用"(rotations)和"嵌入"(mosaics)等用法."序列"用法是指连续使用一种农药(A)直至抗性产生,然后再用另一种农药(B),即AAABBB;"混用"是指对目标物同时接触混合的多种药剂;"轮用"是指几种药剂之间轮换使用,即ABABAB或AABBAABB;"嵌入"用法是指空间上使用的变化,即相邻的区域同时受到不同药剂的处理.     

Kirchhoff calculations of the coherent scatter from a series of very rough surfaces

Calculations are presented for the scattering of polarized light from a series of very rough one-dimensional gold-coated surfaces, as determined by the use of the Kirchhoff approximation with geometric shadowing. These surfaces have Gaussian autocorrelation functions with a 1/e width of 3.3 μm and Gaussian probability distributions of height with standard deviation varying between 0.25 and 1.73 μm. Calculations are performed for the scattering of light of wavelength 3.392 μm, so that the validity of the geometric-shadowing approximation and the Kirchhoff approximation itself are open questions. The values of the coherent (or specular) component of the scattered light for the four nonzero elements of the Mueller matrix (which fully describe the polarization properties of the scattered light) are calculated. Comparisons between the calculated results and experimental measurements on surfaces of the same parameters [Knotts and O'Donnell, J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 11, 697 (1994)] show good agreement up to approximately 70° incidence angle.     

Parametric study of the absorption cross section for a moderately conducting thin cylinder

Asystem has been developed to measure the absorption cross section for a single carbon fiber at 35 GHz as a functio of length, orientation, and diameter. Typical lengths of the fibers considered ranged from 1 to 20 mm, and diameters ranged from 3 to 8 μm. The results were compared with the modified integra equation calculations of Waterman and Pedersen that describe the scattering and absorption behavior for a wire of finite length and conductivity. Good agreement was found for all lengths, orientations, and diameters studied.     

下一代显示接口新标准--DisplayPort

随着显示技术逐渐转移到高性能的平板以及微电子技术,业界需要一种可扩充、开放产业标准的数字接口,以及可以把功能升级的解决方案。这种可升级的显示接口,应能满足企业以及一般消费者的各种需求。DisplayPort就是这种下一代的显示接口,可以为PC、监视器、显示面板、投影仪、以     

蒙德里安的窗户

<正>本案位于美国旧金山,其原本的格局是一间单人房的寓所,近日由Form4 Architecture的首席设计师John Marx完成了该房子的重新改造和扩建。它的主要设计灵感来自于荷兰画家、风格派运动幕后艺术家Piet Mondrian(彼埃·蒙德里安)的格子画作品,该元素被运用在了本案的各种细节之中。     

高可靠性RF技术服务于无线和RFID市场

近几年,无论是手机代表的无线移动网络及其基础设施,还是以蓝牙(Bluetooth)、无线局域网(WLAN)、Zigbee等长、短距离的无线通信技术,或者是WiMax、RFID等面向特定应用的专门技术,给人们带来了种种方便,也在悄悄改变着产业的格局.作为各种无线技术基础的RF技术,也在不断吸纳新技术、新设计,以满足系统对于更大数据传输量、更低的功耗和成本要求、更苛刻的信号可靠性要求等挑战.从另一侧面看,由于RF技术固有的较高门坎,并非一些新手力所能及,虽然半导体产业链以厂商数量众多著称,但RF技术供应商则相对较少.     

Redox chemistry of gold(i) phosphine thiolates: sulfur-based oxidation

The redox chemistry of mononuclear and dinuclear gold(I) phosphine arylthiolate complexes was recently investigated by using electrochemical, chemical, and photochemical techniques. We now report the redox chemistry of dinuclear gold(I) phosphine complexes containing aliphatic dithiolate ligands. These molecules differ from previously studied gold(I) phosphine thiolate complexes in that they are cyclic and contain aliphatic thiolates. Cyclic voltammetry experiments of Au(2) (LL)(pdt) [pdt = propanedithiol; LL = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)-ethane (dppe), 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane (dppp), 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane (dppb), 1,5-bis(diphenylphosphino)pentane (dpppn)] in 0.1 M TBAH/CH(3)CN or CH(2)Cl(2) solutions at 50 to 500 mV/sec using glassy carbon or platinum electrodes, show two irreversible anodic processes at ca. +0.6 and +1.1 V (vs. SCE). Bulk electrolyses at +0.9 V and +1.4 V result in n values of 0.95 and 3.7, respectively. Chemical oxidation of Au(2)(dppp)(pdt) using one equivalent of Br(2) (2 oxidizing equivalents) yields 1,2-dithiolane and Au(2)(dppp)Br(2). The reactivity seen upon mild oxidation /= +1.3 V) is consistent with oxidation of gold(I) to gold(III). Structural and electrochemical differences between gold(I) aromatic and aliphatic thiolate oxidation processes are discussed.