量子计算机进展

对近几年量子计算机从实验室走向实用化的重要进展作了一个简要综述。概述了量子计算机的优点，给出了不需要量子交缠的量子计算方法以及量子计算机的程序——量子幺正操作的特性，介绍在克服退相干所带来的困难方面所取得的进展以及大尺度和实用化方面的进展，最后给出概要的评述。     

冲压毛刺及其去除

板料冲压件都有毛刺，应该除毛刺后再转入后续加工或进行产品装配，冲压毛刺虽已给产品质量带来影响和损失未引起普遍重视。本文仅就板料冲压毛刺的产品，特征及类型，冲压件去毛刺工艺选择等给予简要介绍。     

“十一·五”期间酒钢烧结、球团配套能力的分析及建议

根据规划，酒钢本部的生铁生产能力将达到600万吨/a。还需再建烧结或球团生产线。本文从投资规模、炉料结构、节能与环保等几个方面分析了四个配套方案的优劣，认为合理的方案应为新建一台240m^2烧结机和一座年产250万吨球团矿的链算机回转窑的设置。     

Primary calibration of ultrasonic hydrophone using optical interferometry

A primary calibration method for ultrasonic hydrophones which uses a Michelson interferometer to determine the particle displacement in an ultrasonic field is discussed. The acoustic pressure is derived from this measurement and used to determine the free-field sensitivity of a hydrophone in the frequency range 0.5-15 MHz. The random uncertainty of the method is typically 1%, whereas the systematic uncertainty varies from 2.3 to 6.6% over the frequency range. To obtain this accuracy, the performance of the system has been carefully examined and appropriate correction factors derived. The greatest difficulty in the method lies in determining the frequency response of the optical detection system, and two different approaches have been used to measure this response. Several acoustical effects have also been studied and the calibration procedure modified to take account of them. The calibration results are in agreement with those of other methods and with the theoretically predicted frequency response of a hydrophone. The method has been used to determine the temporal stability of a hydrophone over a period of two years.     

Effects of early-postmortem glycolytic rate on beef tenderness

Electrical stimulation (ES) was applied at 500 V to one side from each of 60 beef carcasses at 30 to 40 min postmortem. Wide ranges of early-postmortem glycolytic and cooling rates were produced in the musculature by use of three different forms of ES (in addition to non-ES treatment of the contralateral sides) and application of chilling routines of four different degrees of severity. Panel and Warner-Bratzler shear evaluations of loin steaks from all 120 sides showed that tenderness was highest when glycolysis had proceeded at an intermediate rate (corresponding to the attainment of a 3-h pH of about 6·1) and was appreciably lower on both sides of this mid-value. The toughening effect of rapid glycolysis (relative to that of a moderately increased glycolytic rate) persisted through 14 days of aging at 2°C.

These observations appear to be incompatible with the view that lysosomal enzymes contribute significantly to ES-induced tenderization. They also indicate that the effect of ES on tenderness is highly dependent on the subsequent cooling rate, very slow chilling sometimes accelerating the already high rate of pH fall to such an extent that the tissue is significantly toughened. Finally, they suggest that the goal of maximizing the early-postmortem rate of pH decline in bovine muscle is misguided and, if attained, will cause sub-optimal tenderness.     

仪表零件的连续拉伸级进模

通过对使用带料连续拉伸及连续拉伸后成形冲制的仪表用典型立体形冲压件进行冲压工艺和模具结构分析，介绍了带料连续拉伸的型式及其不同型式的加工、应用范围，以及带料有工艺切口连续拉伸主要工艺参数确定、工艺切口的类型及相关工艺参数的计算。