Preparation and electrochemical characterization of Ti-based amorphous metallic glass with high strength

Ti-based amorphous metallic glasses have excellent mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, which is an important development direction and research hotspot of metal composite reinforcement. As a stable, simple, efficient, and large-scale preparation technology of metallic powders, the gas atomization process provides an effective way of preparing amorphous metallic glasses. In this study, the controllable fabrication of a Ti-based amorphous powder, with high efficiency, has been realized by using gas atomization. The scanning electron microscope, energy-dispersive spectrometer, and X-ray diffraction are used to analyze surface morphology, element distribution, and phase structure, respectively. A microhardness tester is used to measure the mechanical property. An electrochemical workstation is used to characterize corrosion behavior. The results show that as-prepared microparticles are more uniform and exhibit good amorphous characteristics. The mechanical test shows that the hardness of amorphous powder is significantly increased as compared with that before preparation, which has the prospect of being an important part of engineering reinforced materials. Further electrochemical measurement shows that the corrosion resistance of the as-prepared sample is also significantly improved. This study has laid a solid foundation for expanding applications of Ti-based metallic glasses, especially in heavy-duty and corrosive domains.     

Pseudocapacitive contributions to electrochemical kinetics in NiOx electrochromic anodes

Because of its ability to change optical absorption dynamically by applied electric field, nickel oxide (NiO) is a promising anodic material in smart windows, which can improve energy conversion efficiency in construction buildings. Although many works have achieved high electrochromic performance with different method. The underlying mechanism is still not fully investigated. In this article, we prepared the NiO films with large specific surface area and high stability by electron beam evaporation. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were employed to figure out the surface morphology and composition of as-deposited films. Afterwards, the electrochemical properties and optical performance of the prepared NiO films were investigated. On this basis, the origin of surface charge was fully analyzed by cyclic voltammetry and diffusion coefficient test. These experimental and theoretical results firmly confirm that both the surface reaction and capacitive effect bring about the excellent EC performance in NiO films. These results not only provide clear evidence about electrochemical kinetics in NiO films, but also offer some useful guidelines for the design of EC materials with higher performance and longer stability.     

滚筒位置参数及摇臂厚度对装煤性能的影响研究

采煤机作为综采工作面的关键设备,其性能直接决定工作面的生产能力,为进一步提升工作面生产能力,在研究滚筒采煤机装煤理论的基础上,基于现有工作面采煤机的参数分别对滚筒位置参数和摇臂厚度对采煤机装煤性能的影响机理进行研究,为后续改进采煤机的结构参数和生产过程中位置参数奠定扎实的理论基础.     

弹性波衍射CT

本文直接从等价于弹性动力学Ｎａｖｉｅｒ方程的耦合齐次与非齐次矢量波动方程组出发，围绕弹性波衍射ＣＴ展开了理论研究，尤其是其非齐次方程含有震源项，同时适合Ｐ波和Ｓ波，考虑爆炸震源，引进塑性半径，运用张量运算，推导了Ｂｏｒｎ近似下散射波谱与目标函关系，得到二种数据采集方式下的层析成像ＦＢＰ公式，可同时适用于Ｐ波和Ｓ波，尽管与以往不涉及震源项的结果相似，但本结果更符合地震勘探情况。     

In vivo studies of an implantable energy convertor for skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist

A device that harnesses the mechanical energy of skeletal muscle contracting in a linear configuration has been implanted in goats. This energy convertor transforms muscle work to hydraulic energy that could drive a variety of cardiac assist devices. The device is mounted with a rib clamp and plate affixed to the sternum by cortical bone screws. A transcutaneous hydraulic line carries a silicon based working fluid to an external system that controls the muscle load. In 60 to 70 kg goats, the latissimus dorsi insertion was reattached to the energy convertor. A Telectronics myostimulator with intramuscular electrodes stimulated the latissimus dorsi. In acute implants, hydraulic pressures in excess of 150 psi were obtained. Chronic implantation of the device allowed system evaluation in the conscious unanesthetized animal. Two weeks after implant, hydraulic pressures in excess of 200 psi were obtained and energy transferred to the external loading system exceeded 1 J per contraction. Six weeks after implant, the device continued to cycle freely. These initial results are very promising and suggest an implantable energy convertor is feasible. Development of an energy convertor is an important step toward tether-free skeletal muscle powered cardiac assist devices.     

In-Situ observation on microfracture behavior ahead of the crack tip in 63Sn37Pb solder alloy

in-situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) tensile tests on as-cast and aged 63Sn37Pb solder alloys were conducted, and the fracture behavior in nanometer scale ahead of the crack tip was inspected and discussed. Results show that the fracture was completed by connecting the discontinuous cracks or voids. Dislocation behavior was concentrated along the grain boundaries for as-cast samples, and displayed mainly as dislocation climb. The crack was intergranular dominated under the lower strain rate. While remarkable mutual dislocation emission was detected in the aged solder. Transgranular cracks were dominant in the fractured area, and they propagated by linking up with the nanometer scale cracks ahead of the crack tips under the effective promotion of the inverse dislocation emission. At the same time, the partial interphase or intergranular cracks in the thinned area were also found. Under this condition, a new critical stress intensity factor K _c ^′ to define the mutual dislocation emission was proposed.     

薄层反射波非零炮检距的属性特征

 本文从薄层顶、底界面反射波的走时入手，研究了薄层反射波在非零炮检距集上出现的干涉现象，导出了薄层反射波在出现干涉时的炮检距计算公式，说明薄层干涉出现的炮检距是多变量函数，即随着埋藏深度h、地层速度v、薄层厚度Δh以及地震波的主频f*的变化而改变。本文重点分析了地层厚度Δh和地震子波主频f*对反射波振幅特性和频率特性的影响。在充分分析薄层反射的振幅、频谱随炮检距变化关系的基础上，指出在应用叠前信息（如AVO分析）进行储层预测等方面的研究时，应充分考虑薄层反射波的干涉和调谐现象带来的振幅和频率特征的变化。     

低功率激光对细胞质膜通透性及细胞功能的影响

目的:探索低功率激光对细胞质膜通透性及细胞功能的影响。方法:以波长为632.8nm,功率密度为5.4mW/cm~2的氦氖激光照射人外周血淋巴细胞15、30、60分钟,并采用钙荧光指示剂Fura—2/Am定量测试法检测淋巴细胞内游离钙浓度和质膜Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—ATP酶活性变化。结果:照射后淋巴细胞内游离钙浓度明显低于正常(P<0.05);同时细胞膜Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—ATP酶活性增加(P<0.05);而且照射后细胞内游离钙浓度降低与质膜上Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—ATP酶的激活呈负相关。结论:低功率激光照射激活细胞膜Ca~(2+)—Mg~(2+)—ATP酶活性,使细胞膜对钙通透性发生变化,且影响到细胞内Ca~(2+)贮存,造成细胞膜通透性和细胞功能的改变。     

激光光束质量因子M~2的物理概念与测试方法

激光光束传输质量因子Ｍ２是一种全新的描述激光光束质量的参数，它能定量表征单模、多模光束传播特性。本文介绍Ｍ２的物理概念、特点、测试方法及近年来国外的研究概况。