机器可读词典的快速查找技术

本文叙述了用于直接访问由可变长记录组成的顺序式词典文件中各个词条的一种方法。这种方法以trie索引为基础, 避免了重新组织词典文件。Trie索引是一个深度可变的多层次索引, 深度的控制取决于为存放索引可提供的合理的内存量, 本方法可满足查找一个词条只需要一次磁盘访问的理想要求。     

欧洲压水堆的发展——一种革新的设计过程

芬兰新核电厂的建造标志着欧洲压水堆发展的一个重要里程碑，并且是世界核电的一个积极趋势。     

如何设计折流板板式塔

折流板式塔盘具有与错流塔盘大致相同的液泛能力，根据测定它们有较低的压力降。文中从关联式能合理地估计出此类塔的液泛能力和压力降。在缺乏折流板板式塔使用数据的情况下，建议对液泛能力采用一种保守的设计方法。为了估算传质效率，设计中利用了传热的关系式。这种方法虽然还没经过商业性试验，但是它能对传质效率给出一个合理的估算。特别是对使用折流板塔盘传质的塔，精确地计算需进行更多的工厂试验。     

黄药浮选自然铜和黄铜矿的电化学控制

用小波幅周期伏安测量法,分析浸入pH值为9.2的无黄药和含黄药硼酸盐溶液中的铜的氧化表面研究电化学位对铜和黄铜矿颗粒可浮性的影响。研究表明,黄原酸铜类物质的生成,不仅与铜和黄药离子之间的直接反应有关,而且也与黄药离子和与黄铜矿之间的直接反应有关。由资料得知,导致铜和黄铜矿颗粒疏水的物质是黄原酸铜类物质和双黄药。在微量浮选-电化学槽和丹佛型电化学槽中进行的浮选试验证明,当铜和黄铜矿表面上存在这两种物质时,可获得最大的可浮性。为了分析产生疏水性物质的稳定性,进行了电位降的测量。     

可形成宽量程简便定时器的逻辑电路

你可以使用一个4060B二进制计数器/振荡器制成一个简单而又准确的长迟延定时器(如图1)。该图所示的电路能够比普遍集成电路定时器提供更长的迟延时间,一般从几毫秒到数小时。输入端的正逻辑电平将计数器置于复位状态,输出端的正逻辑电平将计数器置于低度状态。当输入     

Modeling resonator frequency fluctuations induced by adsorbing and desorbing surface molecules

Resonator frequency fluctuations due to adsorption and desorption of molecules on plate electrodes are studied using the principle of mass-loading effects of adsorbed molecules. The study is based on a 525 MHz, AT-cut quartz resonator enclosed in a small crystal holder. Equations relating the surface adsorption rates of the crystal holder to pressure were derived and found to be quadratic polynomial functions of the adsorption rates. Calculations based on these equations show that a contaminant gas with a higher desorption energy creates larger changes in pressure when the temperature is varied. The function describing the frequency fluctuations due to any one contaminant site is a continuous-time Markov chain. Kolmogorov equations and an autocorrelation function for the Markov chain are derived. The autocorrelation and spectral density function of resonator frequency fluctuations are derived. The spectral density of frequency fluctuations at 1 Hz is studied as a function of pressure, temperature, and desorption energy of molecules. The noise levels for a contaminant gas with one type of molecules are found to be lower for lower desorption energies, and higher at lower pressures.     

Resonator surface contamination-a cause of frequency fluctuations?

The mass loading effects of adsorbing and desorbing contaminant molecules on the magnitude and characteristics of frequency fluctuations in a thickness-shear resonator are studied. The study is motivated by the observation that the frequency of a thickness-shear resonator is determined predominantly by such mechanical parameters as the thickness of the resonator, elastic stiffnesses, mass loading of the electrodes, and energy trapping. An equation was derived relating the spectral density of frequency fluctuations to: (1) rates of adsorption and desorption of one species of contaminant molecules; (2) mass per unit area of a monolayer of molecules: (3) frequency constant; (4) thickness of resonator; and (5) number of molecular sites on one resonator surface. The induced phase noises were found to be significant in very-high-frequency resonators and are not simple functions of the percentage of area contaminated. The spectral density of frequency fluctuations was inversely proportional to the fourth power of the thickness if other parameters were held constant.     

An evaluation of the effectiveness of adaptive histogram equalization for contrast enhancement

Adaptive histogram equalization (AHE) and intensity windowing have been compared using psychophysical observer studies. Experienced radiologists were shown clinical CT (computerized tomographic) images of the chest. Into some of the images, appropriate artificial lesions were introduced; the physicians were then shown the images processed with both AHE and intensity windowing. They were asked to assess the probability that a given image contained the artificial lesion, and their accuracy was measured. The results of these experiments show that for this particular diagnostic task, there was no significant difference in the ability of the two methods to depict luminance contrast; thus, further evaluation of AHE using controlled clinical trials is indicated.