Periclase-spinel refractories for rotary cement kilns

Results of an investigation aimed at the development of periclase-spinel refractories of the second generation are described. It is established that brucites can be a basis for the production of high-quality artificial spinel and periclase. The periclase-spinel refractory with these components has higher physical and ceramic properties than the periclase-chromite refractories used today in Russia for linings of rotary kilns.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 2, pp. 18 – 20, February, 1996.     

Nonlinear optical effects in glasses containing copper chloride nanocrystals

Nonlinear optical properties of various glasses containing copper chloride nanocrystals have been studied at wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm. It is established that the nonlinear optical response is manifested by the optical limiting of transmitted radiation and consists of two, low- and high-threshold parts. The low-threshold response is related to a self-defocusing of the radiation, while the high-threshold response is related to the phenomena of two-photon absorption, color center photogeneration, and thermal lens formation.     

Effects of hydrogen sulfide containing gas condensate on the hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system]

Chronic action of different xenobiotics which form a part of condensed hydrogen sulphide-containing gas causes substantial changes in the activity of xenobiotic metabolic enzymes, which is suggestive of the damaged hepatic microsomal monooxygenase system. As the rate of biotransformation becomes higher, there are increases in the activity of microsomal monooxygenases and in the generation of active oxygen forms and hydrogen peroxide, by impairing antiradical and antiperoxide mechanisms. The experimentally used concentration of substances as constituents of condensed gas corresponds to the maximum acceptable air concentration of in the working area of gas-refining plants, but the functional features of the body's detoxifying system--the hepatic monooxygenase system should be taken into account while developing preventive measures of occupational diseases.