SolidWorks Enterprise PDM与IRIS体系的完美融合

本文以某铁路设备企业为背景,介绍了SolidWorks Enterprise PDM融合国际轨道交通工业标准在该企业的应用。     

无级变速器速比控制仿真研究

无级变速传动装置(CVT)的速比连续变化特性可以使发动机转速工作在理想状态下,一直以来都是无级变速系统的核心控制问题.通过对发动机试验数据的整理,获得发动机最佳经济性(动力性)目标转速图.分析无级传动系统的工作原理,建立其动力学微分方程,并基于Matlab/Simulink工具箱搭建仿真模型和设计速比控制算法,并仿真计算汽车在给定加油门起步、减油门行驶和高速制动三种典型行驶工况下的动态响应,最后由试验验证模型的正确性.结果表明设计的无级变速控制策略和模糊PID控制方法可以实现速比的合理变化,为进一步开发无级变速器的控制策略提供必要的前期准备.     

Robust tracking control for micro machine tools with load uncertainties

The quality of the micro-mechanical machining outcome depends significantly on the tracking performance of the miniaturized linear motor drive precision stage. The tracking behavior of a direct drive design is prone to uncertainties such as model parameter variations and disturbances. Robust optimal tracking controller design for this kind of precision stages with mass and damping ratio uncertainties was researched. The mass and damping ratio uncertainties were modeled as the structured parametric uncertainty model. An identification method for obtaining the parametric uncertainties was developed by using unbiased least square technique. The instantaneous frequency bandwidth of the external disturbance signals was analyzed by using short time Fourier transform technique. A two loop tracking control strategy that combines the μ-synthesis and the disturbance observer (DOB) techniques was proposed. The μ-synthesis technique was used to design robust optimal controllers based on structured uncertainty models. By complementing the μ controller, the DOB was applied to further improving the disturbance rejection performance. To evaluate the positioning performance of the proposed control strategy, the comparative experiments were conducted on a prototype micro milling machine among four control schemes: the proposed two-loop tracking control, the single loop μ control, the PID control and the PID with DOB control. The disturbance rejection performances, the root mean square (RMS) tracking errors and the performance robustness of different control schemes were studied. The results reveal that the proposed control scheme has the best positioning performance. It reduces the maximal errors caused by disturbance forces such as friction force by 60% and the RMS errors by 63.4% compared with the PID control. Compared to PID with DOB control, it reduces the RMS errors by 29.6%.     

Parameter identification of inertially stabilized platforms using current command design

Accurate parameter identification is essential when designing controllers for inertially stabilized platforms (ISPs). But traditional identification methods suffer from observation measurement noise and operating restrictions of ISPs. To address this issue, a novel identification method based on current command design and multilevel coordinate search (MCS) algorithm without any higher order measurement differentiations was proposed. The designed current commands were adopted to obtain parameter decoupled models with the platform operating under allowable conditions. MCS algorithm was employed to estimate the parameters based on parameter decoupled models. A comparison experiment between the proposed method and non-linear least square method was carried out and most of the relative errors of identified parameters obtained by the proposed method were below 10%. Simulation and experiment based on identified parameters were conducted. A velocity control structure was also developed with disturbance observer (DOB) for application in disturbance compensation control system of an ISP. Experimental results show that the control scheme based on the identified parameters with DOB has the best disturbance rejection performance. It reduces the peak to peak value (PPV) of velocity error integral to 0.8 mrad which is much smaller than the value (10 mrad) obtained by the single velocity controller without DOB. Compared with the control scheme based on sweep model with DOB compensation, the proposed control scheme improves the PPV of velocity error integral by 1.625 times.     

精密柔索传动技术研究现状及分析

精密柔索传动是一种通过主、从动轮之间有适当预紧的传动介质来实现的挠性摩擦传动方式,具有布局灵活、高精度、轻量化等特点,在多种灵巧性精密机电装置和伺服机构中得到了广泛的应用。本文归纳了柔索传动技术在精密指向机构、人机交互机器人、跑步机器人、灵巧手和微创手术末端器械等方面的应用进展;总结了亟待解决的基础理论和应用研究相关问题,主要包括传动机理研究、伺服系统的应用研究、针对典型应用需求的工程设计方法研究等;最后,对进一步发展精密柔索传动理论分析与工程设计技术提出了建议。     

导引头伺服机构的结构非线性动力学特性研究

基于Hertz接触理论,建立了表达角接触球轴承非线性刚度的二自由度矩阵模型;以导引头伺服机构为对象,建立了导引头陀螺装配结构六自由度非线性运动微分方程;借用经典数值算法的思想,提出了一种求解陀螺装配结构六自由度非线性运动微分方程的四阶Runge-Kutta算法,并对陀螺支架的非线性动力学特性进行了虚拟扫频分析。研究发现,由于角接触球轴承接触刚度的非线性,陀螺支架的谐振峰分布在扫频的所有频率范围(0～500Hz)内,而增大装配预紧力却可以提高陀螺装配结构的谐振频率,减少谐振峰的出现频次,故工程上可通过调节装配预紧力来抑制谐振峰值。     

光电稳定平台伺服系统动力学建模与参数辨识

针对光电稳定平台伺服系统模型参数辨识问题,提出了线性和非线性模型参数分离辨识方法。在线性模型参数辨识过程中,利用差动逆M序列信号作为输入,相应的响应信号作为输出,并应用最小二乘方法辨识线性离散模型参数,从而降低非线性因素的影响。在非线性模型参数辨识过程中,以LuGre摩擦模型为基础,针对摩擦和不平衡质量相互耦合的问题,提出了考虑不平衡质量的LuGre模型静态参数辨识方法;然后,利用电流信号作为摩擦力测量值,对LuGre模型动态参数进行辨识,得到包含不平衡质量和动态摩擦的系统非线性部分模型参数。构建了单轴光电稳定平台实验系统,利用本文提出的方法对实验系统动力学模型参数进行了辨识。结果表明:质量不平衡力矩的辨识值为0.183N·m,略高于理论值0.18N·m,满足辨识精度要求。实验证实提出的辨识方法可以实现对模型线性与非线性参数的有效辨识。     

摩擦对稳定跟踪平台低速性能影响的研究

以某型直升机驾驶员夜视系统稳定跟踪平台伺服系统设计为背景，针对系统中存在的非线性摩擦影响，着眼于摩擦模型、二质量伺服系统模型以及摩擦补偿问题，从理论上进行了探讨。