Time constant optimization of solar irradiance absolute radiometer

We experimentally evaluate and optimize the time constant of solar irradiance absolute radiometer (SIAR). The systemic error introduced by variable time constant is studied by a finite element method. The results shown that, with a classic time constant of 30 s for SIAR, the systemic errors are 0.06% in the midday and 0.275% in the morning and afternoon. The uncertainty level which can be considered negligible for SIAR is also investigated, and it is suggested that the uncertainty level has to be less than 0.02%. Then, combining the requirement of international comparison with these two conclusions, we conclude that the suitable time constant for SIAR is 20 s. Thiswork has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.41474161), and the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China (No.2015AA123703). E-mail:tanggxiao1022@126.com      

太阳辐照度绝对辐射计的定标新方法

为了扩展动态测量范围,提高对较低的激光功率的测量不确定度,对太阳辐照度绝对辐射计的测量方法进行了研究与改进。首先,重复测量各个激光功率的响应度,分析由响应度引入的系统误差对测量不确定度的影响;其次,提出改进的测量方法,通过两次电定标实时修正光功率附近小功率区间的响应度;最后,使用新方法和传统方法测量各个功率的激光,比较测量不确定度。实验结果表明:根据宽功率区间获得的响应度的相对不确定度为2.7%,测量较低的激光功率时,不可忽略由响应度引入的误差。当激光功率低于20 mW时,改进方法的相对测量不确定度仍为0.1%,具有更好的稳定性,补偿了响应度误差。因此,电定标与光定标差距非常大,不具备可比性,需两者结合实现全动态范围定标;该方法可以扩展动态测量范围,对于定标太阳辐照度绝对辐射计具有重要意义。     

空间低温绝对辐射初级基准实验特性及测量精度评估

高精度星上辐射基准的建立是提升在轨辐射定标精度的主要技术手段,本文开展了溯源至国际基本单位制(SI)的空间低温绝对辐射基准研究.自主研制高灵敏度低温绝对辐射探测器,设计高热阻的探测器与冷指连接结构以提升灵敏度,通过多级精密温控建立优于0.4 mK的高稳定热环境.采用大冷量两级脉冲管制冷机,通过压缩工质气体的斯特林循环获...     

低温辐射计斜底腔吸收比测量

考虑在轨绝对辐射定标基准辐射计(ARCPR)要求其测量太阳总辐照度(TSI)的TSI腔的吸收比优于0.999 9,同时测量不确定度在0.001%以下,本文提出采用在空间和低温环境下性能优越的圆柱形斜底腔作为标定太阳总辐照度的黑体腔,并对斜底腔吸收比进行了测量与研究。介绍了斜底腔的特性,分析了低温辐射计多使用斜底腔作为黑体腔的原因。阐述了替代法测量腔体吸收比的原理,增加了参考光路用于监测激光功率,以提高测量重复性和准确性。通过测量信号与参考光路信号的比值计算了斜体腔的吸收比,并对测量结果进行了不确定度分析。测试实验显示,斜底腔吸收比为0.999 928±0.000 005,优于ARCPR对标定黑体腔的要求,验证了将斜底腔作为测量太阳总辐照度的TSI腔的可行性。实验还表明:计算信号电压与参考电压比值,通过比值计算腔体吸收比的方法可以提高测量结果的不确定度,适用于测量超高吸收比腔体的吸收比。     

Radiometric calibration of hyper-spectral imaging spectrometer based on optimizing multi-spectral band selection

Hyper-spectral imaging spectrometer has high spatial and spectral resolution. Its radiometric calibration needs the knowledge of the sources used with high spectral resolution. In order to satisfy the requirement of source, an on-orbit radiometric calibration method is designed in this paper. This chain is based on the spectral inversion accuracy of the calibration light source. We compile the genetic algorithm progress which is used to optimize the channel design of the transfer radiometer and consider the degradation of the halogen lamp, thus realizing the high accuracy inversion of spectral curve in the whole working time. The experimental results show the average root mean squared error is 0.396%, the maximum root mean squared error is 0.448%, and the relative errors at all wavelengths are within 1% in the spectral range from 500 nm to 900 nm during 100 h operating time. The design lays a foundation for the high accuracy calibration of imaging spectrometer.     

一种高电流稳定度卤钨灯驱动电路设计

空间光学辐射测量领域中面临的技术瓶颈之一是如何保持数据的长期稳定性,文章基于空间光低温辐射计基准传递链路中卤钨灯组件的驱动电源需求,设计出一种最大输出电流3 A、电压12 V,并且输出电流稳定度优于恒流满输出千分之一的卤钨灯驱动电源;文章首先对其他直流输出恒流源电路的性能与结构进行调查总结,然后比较开关和线性两种不同的电源拓扑总结其优劣,并选取线性架构;在设计部分,分析影响该电源达到预期指标的因素,设计相应的电路原理图,最后搭建测试环境测试硬件电路;实验结果表明该电源恒流输出最高达到3 A,恒压最高18 V,电流稳定度达到满输出万分之五,能满足卤钨灯驱动电源的指标要求。