基于Lab VIEW的熔化极等离子弧焊接电弧电信号分析

在熔化极等离子弧焊接(plasma-MIG)试验系统基础上,设计电流、电压信号采集系统,对其电弧电特性信号进行采集,用虚拟仪器软件LabVIEW对其进行处理,得到U-t,I-t,U-I相图.比较了熔化极等离子弧焊与常规熔化极气体保护焊电弧电信号的不同,前者电流、电压波动很小,后者波动很大;研究了熔化极等离子弧焊接方法中MIG电流增大对电弧电信号的影响,并对熔化极等离子弧焊接的不稳定电弧电信号进行了分析,发现内弧对外弧的影响有一定规律性.     

混合式弧焊机器人编程语言

在对机器人语言的特点和系统构成分析的基础上,开发了混合式弧焊机器人语言.该语言除了具有一般程序设计语言所必需的顺序、分支、循环和子程序以外,还具有弧焊机器人所必需的机器人运动控制和焊接等相关功能.为了实现这些功能,设计了HAWRL的数据表示方法、指令集和变量,提出了数据和程序分离的程序结构形式.从而使得HAWRL兼有机器人级机器人语言简单易用以及任务级机器人语言编程效率高的优点.试验表明,应用HAWRL可以高效、快速、容易地生成机器人程序并被正确地执行;同时,它也提供了机器人和外部设备的统一接口.     

高压干法GMAW熔滴排斥过渡形成机理

采用红外激光作为背光源,应用高速摄像系统对高压干法GMAW熔滴过渡进行了研究.以三种不同送丝速度,分别进行了0.1～2 MPa的氩气环境GMAW试验.结果表明,随着环境压力的增加,熔滴过渡形式均转变为排斥过渡.在排斥过渡熔滴长大过程中,始终伴随着电弧弧根沿一侧上爬至熔滴的近焊丝端现象,从而对熔滴产生了不对称的侧向力作用,加之高压环境中弧根面积减小导致熔滴所受的电磁力为熔滴过渡的阻力,两者共同作用最终形成了高压干法GMAW的排斥过渡.通过对比不同环境压力下的弧根位置照片发现,这种弧根上爬现象也同时存在于常压和环境压力较低时.并采用理论模型推导了电弧弧根上爬的条件及影响因素.     

复杂薄壁空间曲线焊缝的变形控制

根据某产品空间曲线焊缝壁薄、密集、受热易变形,对管间隙及错边量要求高的特点,对其结构及其受力受热情况,及弧焊变形机理进行了深入地研究,并提出了抑制其变形的"分段线性控制"策略.依据焊缝间隙与焊接电流的对应关系,配合机器人虚拟ARC-ON/OFF信号与PLC电流分段线性控制信号,实现了连续焊接时电流的分段线性控制.结果表明,该控制策略行之有效,成功地应用于该焊件的实际生产,提高了产品的质量及生产效率.     

等离子——熔化极气体保护焊设备及其应用

介绍了等离子-熔化极气体保护焊接的工艺过程,并与常规熔化极气体保护焊相比较分析了焊接过程的优缺点。对等离子-熔化极气体保护焊接的应用及焊枪的发展作了简要的描述。     

遥控焊接工具装配力控制的重力补偿算法

在"宏观遥控,局部自主"控制思想的基础上,建立了机器人遥控焊接工具装配力控制试验系统.通过工具重力计算和线性最小二乘进行工具负载参数标定,并提出了基于工具负载参数的重力补偿算法,用于消除工具装配力控制过程的重力干扰.针对专用的装配工具,进行了负载参数标定试验和无接触条件下的重力补偿试验.结果表明,工具重力补偿算法达到了较高的精度,重力补偿的最大误差小于1 N,重力矩补偿的最大误差小于0.1 N.m,能够满足工具装配局部自主力控制的需要.     

带状电极MAG焊电弧行为

用高速摄像系统和电流电压采集模块对带状电极MAG焊工艺电弧行为进行了研究.结果表明,带状电极MAG焊电弧呈非柱对称分布,电弧截面从钢带端部到母材逐渐由椭圆形过渡到圆形.随焊接工艺参数的增大,电弧能量提高,钢带端部由多个电弧共存转变为一个电弧燃烧,电弧沿钢带无规律的紊乱运动转变为较稳定的左右摆动,进而转变为不发生明显摆动...     

Kalman filter of the force signal of identifying weld seam in remote teaching

For reasons of the vibration of robot, the rough surface of weld seam and electromagnetic disturbance of welding machine, the force signals of identifying weld seam become unstable. The position error of remote teaching point is too big to meet teaching requirements in remote welding. The force signals of identifying weld seam can be filtered by Kalman. The force signals of identifying weld seam of next teaching point is accurately predicted according to predicting algorithms, such as the equation of the state, the equation of the observation, the gain matrix of the filter and the covariance matrix of predicting state. The experimental results show that the precision of identifying weld seam is improved by Kalman filter.     

Microstructure of stainless steel weld in double-sided arc welding

Double-sided arc welding with a single power source can effectively increase the weld penetration, diminish distortion, improve welding speed and save energy. Compared to conventional arc welding processes, double-sided arc welding can generate a penetrating electromagnetic field to help to form fine dendritic microstructure in the weld due to the symmetry of heating. Type 1Cr18Ni9Ti austenitic stainless steel was bead-on-plate welded with double-sided arc welding and conventional plasma arc welding processes, respectively, and microstructure in the weld, heat-affected zone and base metal were examined. After analyzing the black carbon-enriched band in the weld during plasma arc welding with electron probe microanalyzer (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) technology, it was found that the black band was shaped from the aggregation of ferrite in the fusion boundary. Hardness measurement showed that this black band does not apparently affect the microhardness distribution in the weld.