Hybrid image steganography method using Lempel Ziv Welch and genetic algorithms for hiding confidential data

Multidimensional Systems and Signal Processing - Digital images are commonly used in steganography due to the popularity of digital image transfer and exchange through the Internet. However, the...     

Outage Probability Analysis of Three-User Reed–Solomon Coded Cooperation Scheme for Wireless Slow Fading Channel

In a coded cooperation scheme, the relay must decode and re-encode data. This process needs to be completed rapidly. Therefore, a simple channel coding/decoding scheme that requires low computational loads is needed. Reed–Solomon (RS) codes are simple, forward error-correction codes with low decoding computational loads. This paper introduces a three-user RS coded cooperation scheme that aims to have simple encoding/decoding complexity as well as to increase diversity order. It also presents the mathematical derivations of outage probability and investigates the outage performance of the three-user RS coded cooperation scheme. The derived outage probability expressions prove that the three-user RS coded cooperation scheme can achieve full diversity. Numerical bit error rate comparisons show that the three-user RS coded cooperation scheme performs better than a two-user scheme under various inter-user and uplink channel conditions. Outage probability performance improves at approximately 5 dB for regions with low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and 10 dB for regions with high SNR under a slow-fading channel. The paper also presents the complete calculated numerical tables for outage probability terms (integral terms) that do not have closed-form solutions.     

An Outage Probability in Cooperative MIMO under (Alamouti,Orthogonal and Quasi Orthogonal STBC) Slow Fading Channel

Slow fading channel is one of the most important channels, which appears widely in a cellular mobile system. It has several problems such as bad effects of fading, which causes an attenuation to the signal. This paper presents a new scheme in cooperative communication system under slow fading channel to enhance and increase the quality of communication systems performance. This new scheme is called a cooperative multiple input–multiple output Antenna. The main idea of this scheme depends on transmitting multi copy of message via two paths. It’s performance has been compared with MIMO technique in term of outage probability. The results show that the negative effects of fading are mitigated and the outage probability and diversity gain are enhanced. Furthermore, the reliability in communication system under slow fading channel is improved.     

Design of a Novel Protein Sensor of High Sensitivity Using a Defective Ternary Photonic Crystal Nanostructure

Silicon - Protein plays a crucial role in building and repairing tissues so it is vital to develop a sensitive and rapid detection biosensor that can detect the concentration of protein in an...