An Efficient Time-Domain Algorithm for the Simulation of Heterogeneous Dispersive Structures

In this paper a new general numerical algorithm for the simulation of heterogeneous dispersive structures is presented. The general algorithm is based on the ADE-FDTD approach. It finds its strength in the simulation of cases where different materials with different dispersion types are present. Several numerical examples are presented and results are compared to analytical solutions. While having the same level of accuracy, the proposed algorithm offers savings in both memory and computational requirements, compared to other ADE-based methods.     

A time-domain algorithm for the analysis of second-harmonicgeneration in nonlinear optical structures

A time-domain simulator of integrated optical structures containing second-order nonlinearities is presented. The simulation algorithm is based on nonlinear wave equations representing the propagating fields and is solved using the finite-difference time-domain method. The simulation results for a continuous-wave operation are compared with beam propagation method simulations showing excellent agreement for the particular examples considered. Because the proposed algorithm does not suffer from the inaccuracies associated with the paraxial approximation, it should find application in a wide range of device structures and in the analysis of short-pulse propagation in second-order nonlinear devices     

Generation of J0-Bessel-Gauss beam by a heterogeneous refractive index map

In this paper, we present the theoretical studies of a refractive index map to implement a Gauss to a J(0)-Bessel-Gauss convertor. We theoretically demonstrate the viability of a device that could be fabricated on a Si/Si(1-y)O(y)/Si(1-x-y)Ge(x)C(y) platform or by photo-refractive media. The proposed device is 200 μm in length and 25 μm in width, and its refractive index varies in controllable steps across the light propagation and transversal directions. The computed conversion efficiency and loss are 90%, and -0.457 dB, respectively. The theoretical results, obtained from the beam conversion efficiency, self-regeneration, and propagation through an opaque obstruction, demonstrate that a two-dimensional (2D) graded index map of the refractive index can be used to transform a Gauss beam into a J(0)-Bessel-Gauss beam. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of such beam transformation by means of a 2D index-mapping that is fully integrable in silicon photonics based planar lightwave circuits (PLCs). The concept device is significant for the eventual development of a new array of technologies, such as micro optical tweezers, optical traps, beam reshaping and nonlinear beam diode lasers.     

Electromagnetic wave effects on microwave transistors using afull-wave time-domain model

A detailed full-wave time-domain simulation model for the analysis of electromagnetic effects on the behavior of the submicrometer-gate field-effect transistor (FET's) is presented. The full wave simulation model couples a three-dimensional (3-D) time-domain solution of Maxwell's equations to the active device model. The active device model is based on the moments of the Boltzmann's transport equation obtained by integration over the momentum space. The coupling between the two models is established by using fields obtained from the solution of Maxwell's equations in the active device model to calculate the current densities inside the device. These current densities are used to update the electric and magnetic fields. Numerical results are generated using the coupled model to investigate the effects of electron-wave interaction on the behavior of microwave FET's. The results show that the voltage gain increases along the device width. While the amplitude of the input-voltage wave decays along the device width, due to the electromagnetic energy loss to the conducting electrons, the amplitude of the output-voltage wave increases as more and more energy is transferred from the electrons to the propagating wave along the device width. The simulation confirms that there is an optimum device width for highest voltage gain for a given device structure. Fourier analysis is performed on the device output characteristics to obtain the gain-frequency and phase-frequency dependencies. The analysis shows a nonlinear energy build-up and wave dispersion at higher frequencies     

Efficient NL-FDTD Solution Schemes for the Phase-Sensitive Second Harmonic Generation Problem

A combination of a higher order accurate FDTD algorithm, a decoupling procedure, and a moving computational window is presented for the solution of the phase-sensitive second harmonic generation problem. The requirement that the spatial step size in the propagation direction be a small fraction of the wavelength is significantly relaxed using the proposed efficient FDTD schemes. It has been shown that these fully explicit schemes deliver convergence of the solution using significantly less computation time and less memory requirement as compared to the standard FDTD scheme.     

Collisional Damping and Resonance Behavior of Coupled Scissors Modes of a Bose–Einstein Condensate

We investigate the nonlinear coupling between the lowest three scissors modes of a Bose–Einstein condensate at zero temperature. Using a variational approach with a general variational wave function we determine, solely from the parity of the scissors modes, the nonvanishing coupling terms. In agreement with a similar previous calculation with a Gaussian variational wave function, which is a special case of our general function, we find two resonance conditions at trap anisotropy ratios = 1 and = 7. We use the latter condition to explain the observed resonance in the collisional damping of scissors modes. In addition, we investigate the higher order scissors modes and the eigenmodes and eigenfrequencies for isotropic traps.