Role of Co in formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel

The effect of Co addition on the formation of Ni-Ti clusters in maraging stainless steel was studied by three dimensional atom probe (3DAP) and first-principles calculation. The cluster analysis based on the maximum separation approach showed an increase in size but a decrease in density of Ni-Ti clusters with increasing the Co content. The first-principles calculation indicated weaker Co-Ni (Co-Ti) interactions than Co-Ti (Fe-Ti) interactions, which should be the essential reason for the change of distribution characteristics of Ni-Ti clusters in bcc Fe caused by Co addition.     

Automatic Quality Inspection of Bakery Products Based on Shape and Color Information

基于形状和颜色信息的烘焙产品的自动质量检测

Babar Khan,韩芳*,王直杰,Ather Iqbal

（东华大学 信息科学与技术学院,上海 201620）

创新点说明：

利用支持向量机和基于生物启发式HMAX模型的形状辨识器与RGB对抗颜色通道辨识器集成而形成一种有效的智能分类系统,并将其用于烘焙产品的质量检测。

研究目的：

本文要对烘焙产品进行更有效的质量检测,需要提出一种智能方法。

研究方法：

本文采用了支持向量机、基于生物启发式HMAX模型的形状辨识器与RGB对抗颜色通道辨识器集成,形成一种高级自动分类系统,对烘焙产品根据其形状和颜色（烘焙时间）进行对应分类。

结果：

利用本文方法对烘焙产品进行质量检测的结果与其它方法相比较,发现本文提出的基于生物启发的机器视觉系统运行更加精确和有效,同时发现采用One Versus One支持向量机和Directed Acyclic Graph支持向量机可以得到最大的分类精确率。本文方法对饼干形状和颜色的辨识分别达到了95%和100%的分类精确率。同时,算法稳定。

结论：

本文方法因其更加可靠和精确可用于代替现有的烘焙产品检测方法。

关键词：烘焙产品质量检测,计算机视觉,HMAX, 对抗颜色通道,RGB颜色辨识器,支持向量机

     

A cross-layer approach for partition detection at overlay layer for structured P2P in MANETs

Due to limited radio range and mobility of nodes in mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), the network partitioning and merging could occur frequently. When structured peer-to-peer (P2P) overlays are running over MANETs, then network partition in the physical network can also cause network partition at the overlay layer. Existing approaches for structured P2P overlay over MANETs do not detect network partition at the overlay layer. This paper proposes a cross-layer approach to detect network partition at the overlay layer for structured P2P overlay over MANETs. Simulation results show that the proposed approach is highly effective and efficient in terms of routing overhead, success ratio and false-negative ratio.     

DeepClassRooms: a deep learning based digital twin framework for on-campus class rooms

Neural Computing and Applications - A lot of different methods are being opted for improving the educational standards through monitoring of the classrooms. The developed world uses Smart...     

On the Efficiency of Runs Rules Schemes for Process Monitoring

There are two main types of variations, namely, common and special causes leading to in‐control and out‐of‐control states, respectively. Control charts are popular tools used to differentiate between these two states of a process. Implementation of runs rules schemes with control charts is an attractive approach for process monitoring. This study is designed to describe the methodology of runs rules schemes and discuss their implementation for different types of control charts. We have considered memory‐less charts, namely, , S, and R charts for our study purposes. It is examined that the efficiency gain depends on the number of decision points utilized to implement a given rule. Moreover, superiority of runs rules schemes may vary for different types of location and dispersion charts. An application example using a dataset is also included in the study for practical considerations. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Identifying high perceived value practices of CMMI level 2: An empirical study

ObjectiveIn this paper, we present findings from an empirical study that was aimed at identifying the relative “perceived value” of CMMI level 2 specific practices based on the perceptions and experiences of practitioners of small and medium size companies. The objective of this study is to identify the extent to which a particular CMMI practice is used in order to develop a finer-grained framework, which encompasses the notion of perceived value within specific practices.MethodWe used face-to-face questionnaire based survey sessions as the main approach to collecting data from 46 software development practitioners from Malaysia and Vietnam. We asked practitioners to choose and rank CMMI level 2 practices against the five types of assessments (high, medium, low, zero or do not know). From this, we have proposed the notion of ‘perceived value’ associated with each practice.ResultsWe have identified three ‘requirements management’ practices as having a ‘high perceived value’. The results also reveal the similarities and differences in the perceptions of Malaysian and Vietnamese practitioners with regard to the relative values of different practices of CMMI level 2 process areas.ConclusionsSmall and medium size companies should not be seen as being “at fault” for not adopting CMMI – instead the Software Process Improvement (SPI) implementation approaches and its transition mechanisms should be improved. We argue that research into “tailoring” existing process capability maturity models may address some of the issues of small and medium size companies.     

Thin-film iron-oxide nanobeads as bifunctional electrocatalyst for high activity overall water splitting

Developing only Fe derived bifunctional overall water splitting electrocatalyst both for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) while performing at low onset overpotential and with high catalytic stability is a rare instance. We present here the first demonstration of unique iron-oxide nanobeads (FeO_x-NBs) based electrocatalyst executing both OER and HER with high activity. Thin-film electrocatalytic FeO_x-NBs assembly is surface grown via simple spray coating (SC). The unique SC/FeO_x-NBs propels OER initiating water oxidation just at 1.49 V_RHE (η = 260 mV) that is the lowest observable onset potential for OER on simple Fe-oxide based catalytic films reported so far. Catalyst also reveals decently high HER activity and competent overall water splitting performance in the FeO_x-NBs two-electrode system as well. Catalyst also presents stable kinetics, with promising high electrochemically active surface area (ECSA) of 1765 cm², notable Tafel slopes of just 54 mV dec^1? (OER) and 85 mV dec^1? (HER), high exchange current density of 1.10 mA cm^2? (OER), 0.58 mA cm^2? (HER) and TOF of 74.29s^1?@1.58V_RHE, 262s^1?@1.62V_RHE (OER) and 82.5s^1?@-0.45V_RHE, 681s^1?@-0.56V_RHE (HER).     

Sign Language to Sentence Formation: A Real Time Solution for Deaf People

Communication is a basic need of every human being to exchange thoughts and interact with the society. Acute peoples usually confab through different spoken languages, whereas deaf people cannot do so. Therefore, the Sign Language (SL) is the communication medium of such people for their conversation and interaction with the society. The SL is expressed in terms of specific gesture for every word and a gesture is consisted in a sequence of performed signs. The acute people normally observe these signs to understand the difference between single and multiple gestures for singular and plural words respectively. The signs for singular words such as I, eat, drink, home are unalike the plural words as school, cars, players. A special training is required to gain the sufficient knowledge and practice so that people can differentiate and understand every gesture/sign appropriately. Innumerable researches have been performed to articulate the computer-based solution to understand the single gesture with the help of a single hand enumeration. The complete understanding of such communications are possible only with the help of this differentiation of gestures in computer-based solution of SL to cope with the real world environment. Hence, there is still a demand for specific environment to automate such a communication solution to interact with such type of special people. This research focuses on facilitating the deaf community by capturing the gestures in video format and then mapping and differentiating as single or multiple gestures used in words. Finally, these are converted into the respective words/sentences within a reasonable time. This provide a real time solution for the deaf people to communicate and interact with the society.     

Physical properties of sprayed antimony doped tin oxide thin films:The role of thickness

Transparent conducting antimony doped tin oxide（Sb:SnO₂） thin films have been deposited onto preheated glass substrates using a spray pyrolysis technique by varying the quantity of spraying solution.The structural, morphological,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,optical,photoluminescence and electrical properties of these films have been studied.It is found that the films are polycrystalline in nature with a tetragonal crystal structure having orientation along the（211） and（112） planes.Polyhedrons like grains appear in the FE-SEM images. The average grain size increases with increasing spraying quantity.The compositional analysis and electronic behaviour of Sb:SnO₂ thin films were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The binding energy of Sn3d_5/2 for all samples shows the Sn⁴⁺ bonding state from SnO₂.An intensive violet luminescence peak near 395 nm is observed at room temperature due to oxygen vacancies or donor levels formed by Sb⁵⁺ ions.The film deposited with 20 cc solution shows 70%transmittance at 550 nm leading to the highest figure of merit(2.11×10^-3Ω^-1). The resistivity and carrier concentration vary over 1.22×10^-3 to 0.89×10^-3Ω·cm and 5.19×10²⁰ to 8.52×10²⁰ cm^-3,respectively.