WEEE treatment strategies’ evaluation using fuzzy LINMAP method

Electrical and electronic equipments (EEE) have already begun to be accumulated at the garbage dumps. This garbage accumulation brings big danger to the environment and human health. That’s why one should look for exploring the ways to dispose of these wastes and emphasize the waste treatment strategies. Waste treatment strategies also contribute either to local or global economies by creating a new sector and employment opportunities, and by reducing use of scarce resources. In this paper, a linear programming technique for multidimensional analysis of preference (LINMAP) method for solving multi-attribute group decision making (MAGDM) problems with preference information on alternatives in fuzzy environment is developed. The aim is to develop a fuzzy LINMAP model for evaluation and select of a waste treatment strategy for EEE. Thus, three treatment strategy alternatives and eight criteria are determined. The best strategy is selected and the key criterion is found accordingly. The best alternative is found to be treating waste electrical and electronic equipments (WEEE) by reuse and recycling methods.     

Communication Coverage in Wireless Passive Sensor Networks

System lifetime of wireless sensor networks (WSN) is inversely proportional to the energy consumed by critically energy-constrained sensor nodes during RF transmission. In that regard, modulated backscattering (MB) is a promising design choice, in which sensor nodes send their data just by switching their antenna impedance and reflecting the incident signal coming from an RF source. Hence, wireless passive sensor networks (WPSN) designed to operate using MB do not have the lifetime constraints of conventional WSN. However, the communication performance of WPSN is directly related to the RF coverage provided over the field the passive sensor nodes are deployed. In this letter, RF communication coverage in WPSN is analytically investigated. The required number of RF sources to obtain interference-free communication connectivity with the WPSN nodes is determined and analyzed in terms of output power and the transmission frequency of RF sources, network size, RF source and WPSN node characteristics.