Combining molybdenum carbide with ceria overlayers to boost Mo/CeO2 catalyzed ammonia synthesis

The design of an efficient non-noble metal catalyst is of burgeoning interest for ammonia synthesis. Herein, we report a Mo₂C/CeO₂ catalyst that is superior in ammonia synthesis activity. In this catalyst, molybdenum carbide coexisted with the ceria overlayers which is from the ceria support as the strong metal–support interaction. There is a high proportion of low-valent Mo species, as well as high concentration of Ce³⁺ and surface oxygen species. The presence of Mo₂C and CeO₂ overlayers not only leads to enhancement of hydrogen and nitrogen adsorption, but also facilitates the desorption and exchange of adsorbed species with the gaseous reagents. Compared with the Mo/CeO₂ catalyst prepared without carbonization, the Mo₂C/CeO₂ catalyst is more than sevenfold higher in ammonia synthesis rate. This work not only presents an explicit example of designing Mo-based catalyst that is highly efficient for ammonia synthesis by tuning the adsorption and desorption properties of the reactant gases, but opens a perspective for other elements in ammonia synthesis.     

煤气管道膨胀节腐蚀和在线包焊技术应用

简单分析了高炉煤气中Cl元素的存在对不锈钢膨胀节的应力腐蚀问题和防止途径，作为一种临时性的防范措施，简要介绍了煤气膨胀节包焊实施步骤和措施。     

A steel surface defect inspection approach towards smart industrial monitoring

Journal of Intelligent Manufacturing - With the advance in Industry 4.0, smart industrial monitoring has been proposed to timely discover faults and defects in industrial processes. Steel is widely...     

储油罐虚拟环境建模方法研究与发展现状

储油罐虚拟环境模型的创建,有利于解决油罐内摄像头失效情况下真实清洗机器人运动状态未知的问题,是进行储油罐清洗机器人遥操作过程的关键.基于此,从结构化环境方向详细介绍了基于OpenGL、VRP、VRML、WTK虚拟环境建模研究以及基于逆向工程三维激光扫描技术研究,从非结构化环境方向描述了基于点云信息和SFM三维场景建模方法及应用;分析了储油罐虚拟环境建模的研究现状、基本步骤以及储油罐虚拟环境建模过程中待解决问题,最终提出了利用实时交互的基于点云信息三维场景建模方法进行储油罐虚拟环境建模的发展趋势.     

单颗粒在浓相悬浮体中的沉降运动

用磁感测量法对颗粒在浓相悬浮体中的沉降过程进行实验研究，得到了悬浮体的表现粘度与悬浮体固体浓度关系及Ars-Lys关系曲线     

基于分形理论的坝基裂隙岩体注灰量与导水率关系研究

由于天然岩体裂隙分布的隐蔽性和不确定性,很难准确评价天然裂隙岩体的渗透性和可灌性。离散裂隙网络作为描述天然裂隙网络的有力工具,能在一定程度上反应裂隙岩体的某些特征,但都是基于统计意义上的概率分布,无法反应裂隙网络参数的内部联系以及微观特征。Mandelbrot提出的分形几何是描述不规则物体的重要工具,研究发现裂隙网络中的裂隙迹长分布服从分形特征,很多学者利用这一理论对裂隙网络的渗透性进行了研究,推导了裂隙网络渗透系数的表达式。然而缺乏裂隙网络的可灌性和灌浆量的研究。本文首先利用裂隙网络的分形特征和裂隙迹长与隙宽的关系,建立了裂隙岩体导水率的分形模型,推导了裂隙岩体导水率与分形维数的关系表达式,并与已有研究结果进行了对比,证实了该关系式的可靠性。其次,分析了裂隙岩体灌浆注灰量与分形维数的关系,进而推导了注灰量与导水率的关系式,根据注灰量与导水率的关系曲线对灌浆区域的划分,定义了3个不同的灌浆区域:正常区域、微小裂隙区域和扩展区域,分别对应于正常灌浆、微小裂隙较多和裂隙扩展变形这3种不同的灌浆状态。最后,通过与工程实测数据的对比,证实了本文注灰量与导水率关系式的可靠性和适用性,也说明了3个灌浆区域的划分是合理并且重要的。因此,该关系式和灌浆区域的划分可以用来预测和评价实际工程灌浆施工的合理性和可灌性。     

A new model for Brownian force and the application to simulating nanofluid flow

A new expression is proposed to simulate Brownian force based on the experimental measurement results of Brownian motion, which follows white Gaussian noise process. As the time t → 0 and the particle density is equal to the fluid density, the new expression approaches the classical formula of the model used by many researchers. The modified model is validated by theoretical and experimental data. On the other hand, as it origins from the unbalanced force exerted by surrounding fluid molecules, the drag analogy force model is constructed describing the Brownian force, which depends on size-related statistical velocity. Thus, a different expression for the Langevin equation is presented. The present model is applied in simulating flow and heat transfer in a channel utilizing alumina–water nanofluid. Navier–Stokes equations with modified source terms for the continuous flow have been discretized using finite element method. The velocities and temperatures of nanoparticles are determined in the Lagrangian reference frame. The simulation results show that the distribution of nanoparticles inside the channel is obviously unsteady and nonuniform. The fluid velocity and temperature profiles show significant fluctuation feature at low Reynolds numbers (Re). The impact of Brownian motion on the fluid flow is analyzed quantitatively. We have found that for Re < 0.06, the affected intensity increases rapidly.     

基于硬件架构和虚拟化扩展机制的虚拟机自省机制研究

针对现有虚拟机自省技术利用不可信被监控操作系统的内核数据结构在内存中的期望布局及内核函数构建被监控系统语义、无法抵抗直接内核数据结构操纵攻击的问题,对虚拟机自省机制的能力进行全面分析,并对利用虚拟机自省机制可应对的恶意攻击进行分类,提出更具健壮性的基于硬件体系架构和虚拟化扩展机制的虚拟机自省技术,通过硬件体系结构提供的虚拟机自省特性被动地观察与收集被监控系统信息,并利用虚拟硬件扩展机制主动地截获客户虚拟机内部的事件和指令,达到主动监控的目的.描述了基于硬件的虚拟机自省机制在系统调用序列收集与监控上的应用,并进行了效率测试分析.     

相应流量自动化实时报汛技术研究与应用

为了研制相应流量计算模型,对常用的相应流量计算模型的适用范围、精度进行了分析,包括单一线模型、单值化模型、动态差分模型、经验绳套模型。针对不同流量的计算方法,结合人机交互技术,建立了相应流量计算模型。通过选择具有不同水位流量关系的典型水文测站,对模型的预报精度进行了验证。验证结果表明：一次洪水过程的大部分时段预报结果与实测结果吻合较好,预报精度提高;测站水位流量关系的静态单值化精度对相应流量自动化实时报汛精度影响很大,是今后继续深入研究的一个方向。     

优化跳汰机选别的生产实践

阐述了单、双室跳汰机在长坡选厂的生产实践,指出了单室跳汰机在生产中易于出现的各种不适应生产要求的问题.介绍了企业采用双室跳汰机优化取代单室跳汰机的生产技改实践双室锯齿波型跳汰机投产后获得了良好的预期效果,选矿技术指标良好,跳汰尾矿中的金属品位和损失率明显降低,跳汰机的处理量和抛废率显著提高.选矿生产能力也由1700t·d-1左右稳步提高到2000t·d-1.企业初步实现了扩大规模生产、降低单位生产成本和提高选矿技术指标的经营目标.