Different hydrothermal corrosion results between two sides of sodalime float glass and the possible corrosion mechanism

Sodalime float (SF) glass is widely used in our societies and industries. Hydrothermal corrosion method is one of the effective ways to prepare a superhydrophobic glass, but there is still lack of knowledge about hydrothermal corrosion behavior and mechanism of SF glass. We have hydrothermally treated SF glass at 180 °C for different time, and tried to reveal the aqueous corrosion process of SF glass. We have characterized the morphologies and chemical compositions of samples, and found that (1) the two sides of SF glass have different corrosion resistances, and (2) a multilayer structural coating with a nanoflake layer (Mg-rich gel layer), a nanowire layer (Ca-rich gel layer), and a porous layer (etched layer) is formed on the air-side of SF glass. Based on the experimental results, we have proposed an aqueous corrosion mechanism of SF glass. The insights of the hydrothermal corrosion behaviors and mechanism provide helpful guidelines to glass surface structural control and functionalization.     

Effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers

In this paper, polyborosilazane precursor was synthesied from HMDZ, HSiCl₃, BCl₃ and CH₃NH₂ using a multistep method. By controlling the storage conditions, parts of the polyborosilazane fibers were hydrolyzed. FT-IR, NMR, XRD, TEM and monofilament tensile strength test were employed to study the effects of hydrolysis of precursor on the structures and properties of polymer-derived SiBN ceramic fibers. FT-IR and NMR results indicate that Si-N group in PBSZ reacts with H₂O to form Si-O-Si group. After pyrolysis reaction at 1400℃, Si-O-Si group will finally transformed into highly ordered cristobalite and β-quartz, resulting in formation of the wrinkled surface of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber. The strip-like defects on fiber surface, according to monofilament tensile strength test, had a significant effect on mechanical property of the obtained SiBN ceramic fiber and caused no increase in fiber tensile strength of hydrolytic polyborosilazane fiber before and after pyrolytic process.     

基于卷积神经网络的苹果分级算法研究∗

针对传统水果分级方式容易损伤水果表面且分级准确率低的问题,以苹果分级为例,提出了一种基于卷积神经网络的苹果分级算法,并分析比较多种卷积神经网络模型,分别用各网络模型训练一个卷积神经网络并对同一测试集图像样本进行分级试验,其中DFNet模型在苹果的一级果、二级果和三级果的分级上,表现出了97％ 左右的分级准确率,达到了良好的分级效果.     

Modeling and navigation of social information networks in metric spaces

We are living in a world of various kinds of social information networks with small-world and scale-free characteristics. It is still an intriguing problem for researchers to explain how and why so many obviously different networks emerge and share common intrinsic characteristics such as short diameter, higher cluster and power-law degree distribution. Most previous works studied the topology formation and information navigation of complex networks in separated models. In this paper, we propose a metric based range intersection model to explore the topology evolution and information navigation in a synthetic way. We model the network as a set of nodes in a distance metric space where each node has an ID and a range of neighbor information around its ID in the metric space. The range of a node can be seen as the local knowledge or information that the node has around its position in the metric space. The topology is formed by setting up a link between two nodes that have intersected ranges. Information navigation over the network is modeled as a greedy routing process using neighbor links and the distance metric. Different from previous models, we do not assume that nodes join the network one by one and set up link according to the degree distribution of existing nodes or distances between nodes. Range of node is the key factor determining the topology and navigation properties of a network. Moreover, as the ranges of nodes grow, the network evolves from a set of totally isolated nodes to a connected network. Thus, we can easily model the network evolutions in terms of the network size and the individual node information range using the range intersection model. A set of experiments shows that networks constructed using the range intersection model have the scale-free degree distribution, high cluster, short diameter, and high navigability properties that are owned by the real networks.     

侵入物高速撞击下铰链式动车组的安全性

为探究侵入物高速撞击下铰链式动车组的安全性,在实物三维扫描重构的基础上,构建一种新的活体三维有限元层叠模型,并在LS-DYNA中进行摆锤侧面碰撞分析验证;通过铰链式动车组与活体在110 km/h速度下的碰撞仿真计算,讨论动车组运行的安全性以及吸能装置的可靠性.结果 显示:活体的有限元层叠模型既能保证计算精度,又能提高计算效率;在110 km/h的碰撞速度下,车体加速度为0.117g,轮对抬升量为0.238 mm,车钩每5 m长度的压缩量最大约为1.89 mm.各项指标都低于EN 15227标准,动车组行车安全性没有受到影响,吸能装置也能可靠工作.     

一种基于情景感知的Ad Hoc网络功率控制算法

针对战场复杂恶劣环境下 Ad Hoc网络节点易受自然或人为因素影响发生故障,从而造成网络分割并导致通信中断,提出了一种基于情景感知的分布式功率控制算法(DPCAC)。DPCAC 采用 DS证据理论对影响节点失效的多“情景证据”进行融合,推理得到节点的生存状态,依据情景数据库中的信息构建拓扑矩阵,找出故障集并通过调节邻居节点的功率改变网络结构,进而达到恢复通信的目的。仿真实验表明,DPCAC可有效修复网络通信中断的链路,并可在网络恢复连通后通过调节功率降低不必要的能量消耗。     

基于极限学习机的有源配电网多场景静态电压安全分析

随着配电网中分布式可再生能源(distributed renewable generation,DRG)单相接入及其出力波动带来的不确定性增加,DRG接入情景下的配电网过电压、三相不平衡等静态电压安全分析面临新的挑战。为此,提出采用极限学习机模型挖掘配电网的三相潮流计算输入输出之间复杂的映射关系,训练后的网络能够大幅提升不同拓扑结构及不同DRG输出场景下三相潮流的计算效率。基于此提出了一种考虑多场景的有源配电网静态电压安全分析方法,该方法能够快速地对配电网中不同接入节点的安全性做出分析判别。最后采用接入DRG的IEEE 13节点、33节点及118节点系统进行仿真计算。仿真结果表明,所提方法较传统的三相潮流计算方法具有更高的计算速度,且不存在收敛性能上的问题,较BP神经网络方法也具有更高的效率与准确性,验证了所提方法的有效性与实用性。     

Effects of surface treatments of galvanized steels on projection welding procedure

A group of projection welding experiments and joints tension-shear tests are carried out for cold-rolled steel sheets, galvanized steel sheets (GSS) without treatment, GSS with phosphating and GSS with surface greasing, respectively. The experimental results are regressively analyzed on the computers, then the projection welded joint tension-shear strength curve and the perfect welding currents range of each material are obtained. The results show that surface treatments of galvanized steels have effects on their spot weldabilities. Among the four kinds of materials, GSS with surface greasing have the worst spot weldability, for they need higher welding current and have a narrow welding currem range.     

国外武器装备电磁环境适应性试验与评价技术及能力发展综述

武器装备的电磁环境适应性已成为制约武器装备能打仗、打胜仗的一个重大问题;西方军事强国非常重视面向复杂电磁环境的武器装备试验与评价技术研究和能力建设,通过相关投资计划的长期持续投入,支持突破其中的关键技术、方法,以及构建相应的试验与评价设施能力;文章从标准规范和研制程序、技术方法、试验设施、科研和能力建设投资计划等几方面综述了国外武器装备复杂电磁环境适应性试验与评价技术和能力发展情况,并在此基础上,提出了对我国武器装备电磁环境适应性试验与评价能力的发展建议.     

局域网环境下信息安全及病毒防治对策

随着计算机网络和互联网的发展,计算机网络带来了无穷的资源.无论是在局域网还是在广域网中,都存在着自然和人为等诸多因素的潜在威胁和网络的脆弱性.故此,局域网的安全措施应是能全方位地针对各种不同的威胁和脆弱性,这样才能确保网络信息的保密性、完整性和可用性.