真空显示器件的魅力还在吗?

液晶电视的优势使它很可能在本世纪的头十年内推翻CRT在电视市场的霸主地位。然而，那并不意味着真空显示器件将匆忙退出舞台，超薄型CRT会部分地与FPD显示器件在外型薄的优势方面展开竞争。甚至，它可以通过改进结构来显示出FED的特性。     

Epileptic seizures in patients with multiple sclerosis. Is the prognosis of epilepsy underestimated?

Spinal arteriovenous malformations are uncommon disorders associated with considerable difficulty in diagnosis and treatment. They are divided into dural arteriovenous fistulas and intradural medullary spinal cord angiomas. In this retrospective series of six patients the clinical outcome of embolization is presented. The patient material consisted of three dural fistulas and three cord angiomas, one of which bled causing sudden paresis, pain and incontinence. In the remaining five patients the symptoms were progressive consisting of paraesthaesias, paraparesis, pain and incontinence. The clinical status of four patients was not changed after the treatment, one deterioriated and one improved. There were no bleedings after the therapy. In one patient spinal angiography for follow-up was performed and recanalization was seen in the dural fistula after particle embolization. Also, in one cord angioma embolized with particles reflow appeared in the immediately repeated angiography. For permanent angioma occlusion tissue adhesive is preferred as embolic material. Surgical therapy as an alternative or adjuvant to embolization is discussed with a review of the literature. Early timing of the therapeutic intervention is stressed to avoid the development of irreversible ischaemic medullopathy and to prevent haemorrhage. The therapeutic procedures at the early stage of the disease may be curable or, at least, halt the progression of the symptoms. Cross-sectional imaging studies and myelographies may reveal the lesion. For the definitive diagnosis of spinal angioma with its vascular feeders and for the evaluation of its occlusion grade after the therapy selective spinal angiography is needed.     

Color‐gamut expansion in CRTs

Abstract— This paper describes the architecture for a color picture tube (CPT), which enables a cost‐effective expansion of the color gamut. Besides a gamut expansion based on application of more‐saturated phosphors in the present three‐primary system, four‐ and five‐primary systems are described. Gun‐pitch modulation allows the application of a conventional electron gun for both a four‐ and five‐primary CRT. In these systems, the mask and matrix transmissions need to be reduced to maintain color purity. From this point of view, a five‐primary CRT is unrealistic. Two four‐primary CRTs are evaluated in more detail. But, here, the total anode current to generate white has to be increased substantially because of the reduced mask and matrix transmissions. Nonetheless, in this paper it is argued that with one of the four‐primary CRTs more‐saturated yellow colors can be displayed at 85% of the display luminance of a conventional system without loss of perceived sharpness.     

场致发射显示器会卷土重来吗?

佳能（Canon）和东芝（Toshiba）的合资公司-SED公司宣布，将于2006年生产55英寸场致发射显示器（FED）。此外，SED公司还在2005年举行的两个会议上介绍了一些技术细节。本文将评述FED的某些技术信．     

Physico‐chemical Characterization of Floridean Starch of Red Algae

The current work reports on isolation and physico‐chemical characterization of floridean starch from three species of agarophytic macro red algae. As determined by ¹H‐NMR spectroscopy, the average chain length and degree of branching frequency of this starch were 18 and 4.8, respectively. According to its amylopectin chain length distribution obtained by Dionex analysis, the crystalline polymorph of floridean starch from the red alga Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis was deduced to be C‐type and this was further supported from its X‐ray crystallographic pattern. Enzymatic analysis of its glucose 6‐phosphate content showed that floridean starch had a low level of covalently linked phosphate (1 nmol per milligram starch) and this was further confirmed by ³¹P‐NMR. The absorbance peak of floridean starch with iodine occurred at 527—530 nm and the blue value was low (0.1), indicating the absence of amylose, which was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Floridean starch exhibited low gelatinization temperature, low viscosity, high clarity and little or no retrogradation upon repetitive freeze‐thaw cycles, as studied by DSC and rapid viscosity analysis (RVA). These results are discussed in light of the functional properties and the structure of floridean starch.     

Application of chemometrics to low-field 1H NMR relaxation data of intact fish flesh

The possibilities for application of low-field ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as a rapid method for simultaneous assessment of basic quality parameters in fish were explored. In a first experiment, 200 salmon (Salmo salar) samples mapping the variation over an entire fish were measured by NMR and subsequently analysed for oil or water content by standard chemical methods. In a second experiment, 58 differently thawed cod (Gadus morhua) samples were measured by NMR and subsequently analysed for water-holding capacity. Correlations between chemical data and NMR data were evaluated using partial least squares (PLS) regression on complete relaxation curves and compared with conventional regression models on exponential fitting parameters. Predictions on an independent test set were superior for the PLS regression models, with optimal prediction errors of 12 g kg⁻¹, 6 g kg⁻¹ and 3.9% for oil and water content in fresh salmon flesh and water-holding capacity in thawed cod flesh respectively. Thus rapid, non-invasive low-field NMR can be used to simultaneously determine both oil and water content of fish flesh. Furthermore, it can predict water-holding capacity of cod flesh, with an R² of 0.9 over the range 30–90%, as determined by a centrifuge test. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry     

Multivariate near-infrared and Raman spectroscopic quantifications of the crystallinity of lactose in whey permeate powder

The use of near-infrared (NIR) and Fourier transform Raman spectroscopy for quantification of crystalline lactose content in whey permeate powder was investigated using chemometric methods. Sample sets consisting of binary mixtures of crystalline (50.0–98.0%) and amorphous lactose and process whey permeate samples with different amounts of crystalline lactose (75.0–95.5%) added were analyzed. The best results for quantification of crystallinity were obtained by partial least squares (PLS) regression on NIR data in five selected intervals in the range 1100–2498 nm. Data analysis on the total sample set of 35 samples yielded a prediction error (root mean square error of cross validation) of 0.627%. The corresponding result for Raman spectroscopy in the range 3500–100 cm⁻¹ was 1.62%. Interval-PLS regression was used for the selection of relevant spectral intervals as well as for improving the spectral interpretation. Alternating regression was used to show that the amorphous lactose preparation contained only a negligible amount of crystalline lactose.