Dual Inhibition of Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex and Respiratory Chain Complex Induces Apoptosis by a Mitochondria-Targeted Fluorescent Organic Arsenical in vitro and in vivo

Based on the potential therapeutic value in targeting mitochondria and the fluorophore tracing ability, a fluorescent mitochondria-targeted organic arsenical PDT-PAO-F16 was fabricated, which not only visualized the cellular distribution, but also exerted anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo via targeting pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC) and respiratory chain complexes in mitochondria. In details, PDT-PAO-F16 mainly accumulated into mitochondria within hours and suppressed the activity of PDHC resulting in the inhibition of ATP synthesis and thermogenesis disorder. Moreover, the suppression of respiratory chain complex I and IV accelerated the mitochondrial dysfunction leading to caspase family-dependent apoptosis. In vivo, the acute promyelocytic leukemia was greatly alleviated in the PDT-PAO-F16 treated group in APL mice model. Our results demonstrated the organic arsenical precursor with fluorescence imaging and target-anticancer efficacy is a promising anticancer drug.     

从送检样品,看饮食卫生管理方面存在的问题——碳酸饮料的混浊与沉淀

北京是国内最大的饮料集中地和饮料销售市场。据不完全统计1991年本市能生产饮料的工厂与车间已发展到800家以上,外地进京的饮料亦在50家以上;北京生产的不同名称的饮料有170多个,进入北京市场的外地产品有80多个。为了统计方便将这些不同名称的液体、固体饮料、划分以下几类:     

曹钟慧,吴兴坤（浙江大学 现代光学仪器国家重点实验室,光及电磁波研究中心，浙江 杭州 310027）

针对环形桁架可展天线抛物面索网预拉力配置问题,提出了一种寻找预拉力最优配置的方法,该方法基于抛物 面索网结构的平衡矩阵奇异值分解,采用含线性不等式约束及线性等式约束的线性规划方法,寻找抛物面索网最优预拉 力配置,并对抛物面索网结构平衡矩阵的形成、奇异值分解、线性约束优化方法的数学模型、约束矩阵的集成等关键技 术进行了详细的推导说明,同时,根据理论推导编写了相应的程序,对环形桁架可展天线的3种常用抛物面索网布置形式 进行了算例分析,采用非线性有限元法对分析结果进行了验证,证明了该方法的正确性     

用高压液相色谱测定可口可乐及其原料中的咖啡因

本文使用高压液相色谱法,分离测定可口可乐饮料以及该饮料的浓缩汁中的组分咖啡因(caffeine)。并介绍了样品的预处理、预分离和流动相,以及色谱柱。方法的灵敏度、重复性、回收率很好,并用该方法测定了40件本文所选用的分离分析方法,同样可以适用于国产可乐型饮料如幸福可乐、津津可乐等样品中咖啡因的分析。     

氮掺杂石墨烯的简易制备及其超级电容性能

采用简易溶剂热法成功制备出了氮掺杂石墨烯(N-GNSs), 结构表征显示其形貌良好。X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果表明在溶剂热过程中, 氧化石墨烯表面的大部分含氧功能团已被成功除去, 而且二甲基甲酰胺中的氮原子通过吡咯氮和石墨氮的形式成功掺杂到石墨烯结构中。作为电极活性材料, N-GNSs展现出优异的电容特性, 在2 mol/L KOH电解液中电流密度为0.5 A/g时比电容可达181.3 F/g。此外, N-GNSs还展示出良好的循环稳定性, 2000次连续循环后容量仍保持为初始数值的92.5%。因此, 氮掺杂石墨烯是一种潜在的超级电容器电极材料。     

A mixed contact model for an immersed collision between two solid surfaces

Experimental evidence shows that the presence of an ambient liquid can greatly modify the collision process between two solid surfaces. Interactions between the solid surfaces and the surrounding liquid result in energy dissipation at the particle level, which leads to solid-liquid mixture rheology deviating from dry granular flow behaviour. The present work investigates how the surrounding liquid modifies the impact and rebound of solid spheres. Existing collision models use elastohydrodynamic lubrication (EHL) theory to address the surface deformation under the developing lubrication pressure, thereby coupling the motion of the liquid and solid. With EHL theory, idealized smooth particles are made to rebound from a lubrication film. Modified EHL models, however, allow particles to rebound from mutual contacts of surface asperities, assuming negligible liquid effects. In this work, a new contact mechanism, 'mixed contact', is formulated, which considers the interplay between the asperities and the interstitial liquid as part of a hybrid rebound scheme. A recovery factor is further proposed to characterize the additional energy loss due to asperity-liquid interactions. The resulting collision model is evaluated through comparisons with experimental data, exhibiting a better performance than the existing models. In addition to the three non-dimensional numbers that result from the EHL analysis--the wet coefficient of restitution, the particle Stokes number and the elasticity parameter--a fourth parameter is introduced to correlate particle impact momentum to the EHL deformation impulse. This generalized collision model covers a wide range of impact conditions and could be employed in numerical codes to simulate the bulk motion of solid particles with non-negligible liquid effects.     

Shape-sizing nested optimization of deployable structures using SQP

The potential role of formal structural optimization was investigated for designing foldable and deployable structures in this work.Shape-sizing nested optimization is a challenging design problem.Shape,represented by the lengths and relative angles of elements,is critical to achieving smooth deployment to a desired span,while the section profiles of each element must satisfy structural dynamic performances in each deploying state.Dynamic characteristics of deployable structures in the initial state,the final state and also the middle deploying states are all crucial to the structural dynamic performances.The shape was represented by the nodal coordinates and the profiles of cross sections were represented by the diameters and thicknesses.SQP（sequential quadratic programming） method was used to explore the design space and identify the minimum mass solutions that satisfy kinematic and structural dynamic constraints.The optimization model and methodology were tested on the case-study of a deployable pantograph.This strategy can be easily extended to design a wide range of deployable structures,including deployable antenna structures,foldable solar sails,expandable bridges and retractable gymnasium roofs.     

EVM and BER Simulation of an NADC-TDMA Radiophone Influenced by the Operator's Body in Urban Mobile Environments

This paperpresents the performance evaluation of a portable digital radiophoneinfluencedby the operator's body in urban mobile environments, based on the EVM (errorvector magnitude) and BER (bit error rate) simulation. The type of digitalmodulation follows to the NADC-TDMA standard. A new probability densityfunction(pdf) is proposed to describe the statistic of the EVM in an AWGNchannelunder frequency non-selective slowly fading situation. The simulation combinesthe modified Doppler power spectrum (MDPS) method and a gray coding(/4-DQPSK modulation with square-root raised cosine (SRRC) shaping filter.The performance evaluation based on BER uses an ideal matched-filter-basedreceiver. The results show that the closer of the distance between theradiophone antenna and the operator's head, the poorer of the EVM and BERperformance.     

New aspects for friction coefficients of finite granular avalanche down a flat narrow reservoir

This work examines the bulk internal friction coefficient, \(\mu \), and effective wall friction coefficient, \(\mu _w\), for finite number of nearly identical dry glass spheres in avalanche down a narrow inclined reservoir of smooth frictional bed using a validated discrete element scheme. Instantaneous deviatoric strain rate tensor \(\dot{\gamma }^d_{ij}\) and stress tensor \(\tau _{ij}\) are computed locally to evaluate a three-dimensional constitutive model developed based on the rheology of steady homogeneous surface flows. On one side, the algebraic \(\mu -I\) relation conforms to conventional relation for glass beads, \(\mu =0.34+0.31/(1+0.15/I)\) (Jop et al. in J. Fluid Mech. 541:167–192, 2005, Midi in Eur. Phys. J. E 14:341–365, 2004, Jop in Comptes Rendus Phys. 16:62–72, 2015), when the inertial number \(I>I_{c}=2\times 10^{-2}\). The assumption of collinear \(\tau _{ij}\) and \(\dot{\gamma }^d_{ij}\), however, does not hold and such misalignment agrees to the findings in non-uniform inhomogeneous flows (Cortet et al. in Europhys. Lett. 88(1):14001, 2009). Below \(I_c\), we observe a decaying \(\mu -I\) as found in slowly deforming rheology tests and a simplified model is developed in view of shear-induced dilatation upon yielding. Non-constant effective wall friction coefficient is measured to grow in time and with I towards the sphere-wall sliding friction coefficient in the contact model while preserving the depth-weakening feature as in confined steady surface flows (Richard et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett. 101:248002, 2008, Brodu et al. in Phys. Rev. E 87:022202, 2013). The fact that rotation at one sphere center can divert surface relative velocity across the contact area to render lower sliding friction is considered to develop a model describing how \(\mu _w\) drops with the ratio between rotation-induced velocity and sliding velocity, \(\varOmega \). The simulation data compares fairly well to the predicted monotonic decay of \(\mu _w\) with \(\varOmega \).