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排序方式: 共有123条查询结果,搜索用时 656 毫秒
1.
Sundaram Vickram Karunakaran Rohini Subramanian Srinivasan David Nancy Veenakumari Kumar Archana Krishnan Anbarasu Palanivelu Jeyanthi Sundaram Thanigaivel Govindarajan Gulothungan Nanmaran Rajendiran Padmalayam Sadanandan Srikumar 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(4)
Zinc (Zn), the second-most necessary trace element, is abundant in the human body. The human body lacks the capacity to store Zn; hence, the dietary intake of Zn is essential for various functions and metabolism. The uptake of Zn during its transport through the body is important for proper development of the three major accessory sex glands: the testis, epididymis, and prostate. It plays key roles in the initial stages of germ cell development and spermatogenesis, sperm cell development and maturation, ejaculation, liquefaction, the binding of spermatozoa and prostasomes, capacitation, and fertilization. The prostate releases more Zn into the seminal plasma during ejaculation, and it plays a significant role in sperm release and motility. During the maternal, labor, perinatal, and neonatal periods, the part of Zn is vital. The average dietary intake of Zn is in the range of 8–12 mg/day in developing countries during the maternal period. Globally, the dietary intake of Zn varies for pregnant and lactating mothers, but the average Zn intake is in the range of 9.6–11.2 mg/day. The absence of Zn and the consequences of this have been discussed using critical evidence. The events and functions of Zn related to successful fertilization have been summarized in detail. Briefly, our current review emphasizes the role of Zn at each stage of human reproduction, from the spermatogenesis process to childbirth. The role of Zn and its supplementation in in vitro fertilization (IVF) opens opportunities for future studies on reproductive biology. 相似文献
2.
Optical scattering in beef steak to predict tenderness using hyperspectral imaging in the VIS-NIR region 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Kim Cluff Govindarajan Konda Naganathan Jeyamkondan Subbiah Renfu Lu Chris R. Calkins Ashok Samal 《Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety》2008,2(3):189-196
The objective of this research is to develop a non-destructive method for predicting cooked beef tenderness using optical
scattering of light on fresh beef muscle tissue. A hyperspectral imaging system (λ = 496–1,036 nm) that consists of a CCD
camera and an imaging spectrograph, was used to acquire beef steak images. The hyperspectral image consisted of 120 bands
with spectral intervals of 4.54 nm. Sixty-one fresh beef steaks, including 44 strip loin and 17 tenderloin cuts, were collected.
After imaging, the steaks were cooked and Warner-Bratzler shear (WBS) force values were collected as tenderness references.
The optical scattering profiles were derived from the hyperspectral images and fitted to the modified Lorentzian function.
Parameters, such as the peak height, full scattering width at half maximum (FWHM), and the slope around the FWHM were determined
at each wavelength. Stepwise regression was used to identify 7 key wavelengths and parameters. The parameters were then used
to predict the WBS scores. The model was able to predict WBS scores with an R = 0.67. Optical scattering implemented with hyperspectral imaging shows limited success for predicting current status of tenderness
in beef steak. 相似文献
3.
Naren Narasimhan Elena Teica Rajesh Radhakrishnan Sriram Govindarajan Ranga Vemuri 《Formal Methods in System Design》2001,19(3):237-273
This paper presents a formal specification and a proof of correctness for the widely-used Force-Directed List Scheduling (FDLS) algorithm for resource-constrained scheduling of data flow graphs in high-level synthesis systems. The proof effort is conducted using a higher-order logic theorem prover. During the proof effort many interesting properties of the FDLS algorithm are discovered. These properties are formally stated and proved in a higher-order logic theorem proving environment. These properties constitute a detailed set of formal assertions and invariants that should hold at various steps in the FDLS algorithm. They are then inserted as programming assertions in the implementation of the FDLS algorithm in a production-strength high-level synthesis system. When turned on, the programming assertions (1) certify whether a specific run of the FDLS algorithm produced correct schedules and, (2) in the event of failure, help discover and isolate programming errors in the FDLS implementation.We present a detailed example and several experiments to demonstrate the effectiveness of these assertions in discovering and isolating errors. Based on this experience, we discuss the role of the formal theorem proving exercise in developing a useful set of assertions for embedding in the scheduler code and argue that in the absence of such a formal proof checking effort, discovering such a useful set of assertions would have been an arduous if not impossible task. 相似文献
4.
Cadambi Sumanth Govindarajan Jayaram Vikram 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2018,49(12):6084-6092
Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A - Coated ball-on-disk wear configuration was used to study the effect of relative humidity, water vapor pressure, and water on wear of TiN coatings in the... 相似文献
5.
6.
Govindarajan Konda Naganathan Lauren M. Grimes Jeyamkondan Subbiah Chris R. Calkins Ashok Samal George E. Meyer 《Sensing and Instrumentation for Food Quality and Safety》2008,2(3):178-188
Tenderness is a primary determinant of consumer satisfaction of beef steaks. The objective of this study was to implement
and test near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging to forecast 14-day aged, cooked beef tenderness from the hyperspectral
images of fresh ribeye steaks (n = 319) acquired at 3–5 day post-mortem. A pushbroom hyperspectral imaging system (wavelength range: 900–1700 nm) with a diffuse-flood
lighting system was developed. After imaging, steaks were vacuum-packaged and aged until 14 days postmortem. After aging,
the samples were cooked and slice shear force (SSF) values were collected as a tenderness reference. After reflectance calibration,
a Region-of-Interest (ROI) of 150 × 300 pixels at the center of longissimus muscle was selected. Partial least squares regression (PLSR) was carried out on each ROI image to reduce the dimension along
the spectral axis. Gray-level textural co-occurrence matrix analysis with two quantization levels (64 and 256) was conducted
on the PLSR bands to extract second-order statistical textural features. These features were then used in a canonical discriminant
model to predict three beef tenderness categories, namely tender (SSF ≤ 205.80 N), intermediate (205.80 N < SSF < 254.80 N),
and tough (SSF ≥ 254.80 N). The model with a quantization level of 256 performed better than the one with a quantization level
of 64. This model correctly classified 242 out of 314 samples with an overall accuracy of 77.0%. Fat, protein, and water absorption
bands were identified between 900 and 1700 nm. Our results show that NIR hyperspectral imaging holds promise as an instrument
for forecasting beef tenderness. 相似文献
7.
Govindarajan Muralidharan Kanth Kurumaddali Andrew K. Kercher Larry Walker Scott G. Leslie 《Journal of Electronic Materials》2013,42(2):240-248
There is a need for next-generation, high-performance power electronic packages and systems utilizing wide-band-gap devices to operate at high temperatures in automotive and electricity transmission applications. Sn-3.5Ag solder is a candidate for use in such packages with potential maximum operating temperatures of about 200°C. However, there is a need to understand the thermal cycling reliability of Sn-3.5Ag solders subject to such high-temperature operating conditions. The results of a study on the damage evolution occurring in large-area Sn-3.5Ag solder joints between silicon dies and direct bonded copper substrates with Au/Ni-P metallization subject to thermal cycling between 200°C and 5°C are presented in this paper. Interface structure evolution and damage accumulation were followed using high-resolution X-ray radiography, cross-sectional optical and scanning electron microscopies, and X-ray microanalysis in these joints for up to 3000 thermal cycles. Optical and scanning electron microscopy results showed that the stresses introduced by the thermal cycling result in cracking and delamination at the copper–intermetallic compound interface. X-ray microanalysis showed that stresses due to thermal cycling resulted in physical cracking and breakdown of the Ni-P barrier layer, facilitating Cu-Sn interdiffusion. This interdiffusion resulted in the formation of Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds underneath the Ni-P layer, subsequently leading to delamination between the Ni-rich layer and Cu-Sn intermetallic compounds. 相似文献
8.
Hsin Wang Govindarajan Muralidharan Donovan N. Leonard J. Allen Haynes Wallace D. Porter Roger D. England Michael Hays Gopal Dwivedi Sanjay Sampath 《Journal of Thermal Spray Technology》2018,27(3):371-378
Multilayer, graded ceramic/metal coatings were prepared by an air plasma spray method on Ti-6Al-4V, 4140 steel and graphite substrates. The coatings were designed to provide thermal barriers for diesel engine pistons to operate at higher temperatures with improved thermal efficiency and cleaner emissions. A systematic, progressive variation in the mixture of yttria-stabilized zirconia and bondcoat alloys (NiCoCrAlYHfSi) was designed to provide better thermal expansion match with the substrate and to improve thermal shock resistance and cycle life. Heat transfer through the layers was evaluated by a flash diffusivity technique based on a model of one-dimensional heat flow. The aging effect of the as-sprayed coatings was captured during diffusivity measurements, which included one heating and cooling cycle. The hysteresis of thermal diffusivity due to aging was not observed after 100-h annealing at 800 °C. The measurements of coatings on substrate and freestanding coatings allowed the influence of interface resistance to be evaluated. The microstructure of the multilayer coating was examined using scanning electron microscope and electron probe microanalysis. 相似文献
9.
V S Govindarajan 《Critical reviews in food science and nutrition》1985,22(2):109-176
The genus Capsicum (Fam. Solanaceae) was known to ancient cultures and was more recently historically associated with the discovery of the New World. This genus provides many species and varieties used in flavoring foods popular in the cuisines of many parts of the world. From the pungent chilli to the colorful paprika and the bell pepper, with its remarkable aroma, the genus is of great interest for its chemistry, sensory attributes, and physiological action. The Capsicums, among the spices, are second only to black pepper in trade both in volume and value. The production of the different pungency forms, the processed seasonings, and the concentrated oleoresins, through technologically advanced processes and in specified standard grades, are critically reviewed. The pungency of Capsicum fruits, its evaluation, chemical structure relationship, its increasing acceptance and preference by a variety of populations are of great research interest. The wide traditional use in the growing regions and its intense physiological effects have attracted the attention of researchers of many different disciplines. These aspects are reviewed in four sequential parts. Part I deals with history, botany, cultivation, and primary processing. 相似文献
10.
Anuj Deshpande Sibendu Samanta Sutharsan Govindarajan Ritwik Kumar Layek 《IET systems biology》2020,14(6):343
Dynamic biological systems can be modelled to an equivalent modular structure using Boolean networks (BNs) due to their simple construction and relative ease of integration. The chemotaxis network of the bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli ) is one of the most investigated biological systems. In this study, the authors developed a multi‐bit Boolean approach to model the drifting behaviour of the E. coli chemotaxis system. Their approach, which is slightly different than the conventional BNs, is designed to provide finer resolution to mimic high‐level functional behaviour. Using this approach, they simulated the transient and steady‐state responses of the chemoreceptor sensory module. Furthermore, they estimated the drift velocity under conditions of the exponential nutrient gradient. Their predictions on chemotactic drifting are in good agreement with the experimental measurements under similar input conditions. Taken together, by simulating chemotactic drifting, they propose that multi‐bit Boolean methodology can be used for modelling complex biological networks. Application of the method towards designing bio‐inspired systems such as nano‐bots is discussed.Inspec keywords: cell motility, microorganisms, Boolean functionsOther keywords: multibit Boolean approach, conventional BNs, high‐level functional behaviour, steady‐state responses, chemoreceptor sensory module, drift velocity, chemotactic drifting, multibit Boolean methodology, complex biological networks, bio‐inspired systems, multibit Boolean model, chemotactic drift, dynamic biological systems, equivalent modular structure, Boolean networks, simple construction, chemotaxis network, bacterium Escherichia coli, biological systems 相似文献