从菜西瓜中提取果胶的最佳工艺研究

为确定从菜西瓜中提取果胶的最佳工艺条件,以山西省临汾市菜西瓜为材料,采用酸法进行了提取果胶的试验研究。正交试验结果表明:在萃取时间为45min的前提下,从瓜瓤中提取果胶的最佳工艺条件是加水量为原料重量的4倍,85℃下,添加原料重量0.3％的多聚磷酸钠,果胶得率可达2.03％;从外果皮中提取果胶,加水量为原料重量的4倍,75℃下,添加原料重量0.7％的多聚磷酸钠,果胶得率可达2.98％。     

Knockout of Auxin Response Factor SlARF4 Improves Tomato Resistance to Water Deficit

Auxin response factors (ARFs) play important roles in various plant physiological processes; however, knowledge of the exact role of ARFs in plant responses to water deficit is limited. In this study, SlARF4, a member of the ARF family, was functionally characterized under water deficit. Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining showed that water deficit and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment reduced the expression of SlARF4. SlARF4 was expressed in the vascular bundles and guard cells of tomato stomata. Loss of function of SlARF4 (arf4) by using Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/Cas 9 (CRISPR/Cas 9) technology enhanced plant resistance to water stress and rehydration ability. The arf4 mutant plants exhibited curly leaves and a thick stem. Malondialdehyde content was significantly lower in arf4 mutants than in wildtype plants under water stress; furthermore, arf4 mutants showed higher content of antioxidant substances, superoxide dismutase, actual photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII), and catalase activities. Stomatal and vascular bundle morphology was changed in arf4 mutants. We identified 628 differentially expressed genes specifically expressed under water deficit in arf4 mutants; six of these genes, including ABA signaling pathway-related genes, were differentially expressed between the wildtype and arf4 mutants under water deficit and unlimited water supply. Auxin responsive element (AuxRE) elements were found in these genes’ promoters indicating that SlARF4 participates in ABA signaling pathways by regulating the expression of SlABI5/ABF and SCL3, thereby influencing stomatal morphology and vascular bundle development and ultimately improving plant resistance to water deficit.     

BaTiO_3粉体中Ti/Ba比分析方法的比较

提出了用ＫＯＨ熔融分解ＢａＴｉＯ３粉体〔１〕，再用浓ＨＣｌ酸化后，用感应耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ＩＣＰ—ＡＥＳ法）测定试样中的Ｔｉ／Ｂａ比，并与化学分析法的结果作了比较，显示出ＩＣＰ—ＡＥＳ法简便，快速，结果更好。     

快速制动双绕组电动机在锻压机械中的应用

介绍了快速制动双绕组电动机的结构原理、性能特点，选用该电动机应注意的一些问题及其在压力机上的应用。     

一种用于声纳系统的高速数据实时存储系统

在声纳工程领域,试验数据都是不可多得的宝贵资料,因此经常需要对大量数据进行实时存储。Windows操作系统能在一定程度上满足大量数据的存储,但实时性不够好。本文提出了一种基于嵌入式实时操作系统VxWorks的海量数据存储方法,并解决了大硬盘的I/O访问、数据在Windows操作系统下转存的问题,这些方法都已经得到了实际的应用。     

阵列水声信号采集系统设计

提出了一种新型大规模阵列水声信号采集系统设计方法。该设计基于数据流驱动设计思想,利用FPGA实现了高速LINK口,同时在数据传输中采用独特的两级缓冲结构,因而系统拓扑结构灵活,数据吞吐率高,同时具备同步性能好,扩展性强的特点。     

微波真空电子器件用无氧铜材料的蒸发特性

作为微波真空电子器件的常用材料之一,无氧铜材料的蒸发特性会对微波真空电子器件的电性能产生影响.该文利用超高真空测试设备,研究了处理工艺对无氧铜材料的蒸发性能的影响,采用X射线测厚仪测试了蒸发的铜膜厚度,用扫描电镜(SEM)观测了无氧铜材料的表面形貌.结果表明表面宏观形貌粗糙度对无氧铜材料的蒸发性能影响不大,但处理工艺对蒸发性能影响很大;无氧铜材料经过酸洗后,会大大增加蒸发量;无氧铜材料经过烧氢处理,可降低蒸发量,而经过去油清洗并烧氢处理的无氧铜的蒸发量极低.对无氧铜材料进行了表面分析,发现无氧铜材料的真空蒸发性能与材料的表面形貌状态有关,当表面微观形貌比较光滑、无孔洞等缺陷时,无氧铜材料的真空蒸发量就少.     

Multidimensional upwind scheme of diagonal Cartesian method for an advection-diffusion problem

The natural calculation region in fluid dynamics involves complex boundaries. When using the Cartesian grid to approximate complex boundaries, two difficulties develop: the boundary zigzag effect and disagreement of direction of grid line and velocity. The multidimensional upwind scheme of the diagonal Cartesian method (DCM), using both Cartesian grid lines and diagonal lines segments, is presented in this paper to simulate the complex boundaries of the multiple-layer quasi 3D model equations. The DCM improves the simulation accuracy for the boundaries and calculation time increases only slightly compared to the Cartesian method. In order to verify the new scheme, a test case is presented which rotates the cavity flow at 45° to compare the numerical calculation results at different Reynolds numbers. The test case shows that the scheme is accurate and efficient in improving the simulation results. Then the three-dimensional advection-diffusion processes in the tidal water of the Hongyanhe Power Plant are simulated using this model. Numerical results show that the scheme is not only efficient on an experiment basis, but also efficient and reliable when applied to a large scale natural water area.     

IEEE1451智能传感器多传感信息自校正方法研究

针对多传感信息耦合问题,基于IEEE1451标准,提出了一种通用的多传感信息自校正模型。模型根据传感元件输出信号额定特征,从信号幅度、变化趋势等方面,实现对传感器的故障判断和自免疫处理;然后基于多传感信息插值解耦数学原理,建立了基于特定TEDS格式的校正引擎,通过将标定点数据以矩阵表格形式输入TEDS中来实现解耦校正。试验研究表明:通过TEDS解耦校正引擎,可实现对多传感耦合信息的良好校正补偿,提高检测准确度,在解耦校正的前端引入传感元件的自评估技术,可有效提高智能传感器自校正的可靠性。     

Growth and optical characterizations of (Ba0.32Sr0.68)5Nb4O15 crystal

(Ba_0.32Sr_0.68)₅Nb₄O₁₅ crystal with sizes of Ø 17 × 35 mm was grown successfully by Czochralski technique method. The thermal anisotropy was discussed. The principal coefficients of thermal expansion along (100), (010), (001) directions were precisely measured to be 1.308 × 10^− 5, 1.288 × 10^− 5, 1.478 × 10^− 5 K^− 1, respectively. Its optical transparency range has been measured and found to span from 323 to 5500 nm. The bands present in the IR spectra were identified and assigned to the corresponding vibration modes of NbO₆ anions.