2D MoN1.2-rGO Stacked Heterostructures Enabled Water State Modification for Highly Efficient Interfacial Solar Evaporation

Improving interfacial solar evaporation performance is crucial for the practical application of this technology in solar-driven seawater desalination. Lowering evaporation enthalpy is one of the most promising and effective strategies to significantly improve solar evaporation rate. In this study, a new pathway to lower vaporization enthalpy by introducing heterogeneous interactions between hydrophilic hybrid materials and water molecules is developed. 2D MoN_1.2 nanosheets are synthesized and integrated with rGO nanosheets to form stacked MoN_1.2-rGO heterostructures with massive junction interfaces for interfacial solar evaporation. Molecular dynamics simulation confirms that atomic thick 2D MoN_1.2 and rGO in the MoN_1.2-rGO heterostructures simultaneously interact with water molecules, while the interactions are remarkably different. These heterogeneous interactions cause an imbalanced water state, which easily breaks the hydrogen bonds between water molecules, leading to dramatically lowered vaporization enthalpy and improved solar evaporation rate (2.6 kg m⁻² h⁻¹). This study provides a promising strategy for designing 2D-2D heterostructures to regulate evaporation enthalpy to improve solar evaporate rate for clean water production.     

Time delay estimation algorithm of narrow band internet of things based on inter-cell interference cancellation

Aiming at the characteristics of NB-IoT such as low power consumption,low cost and low sampling rate,an NB-IoT delay estimation algorithm based on inter-cell interference cancellation was proposed.To gradually eliminate the interaction between signals in each cell,an inter-cell iterative interference cancellation algorithm was considered.In each iteration,the idea of time-frequency cross-correlation overlapping was introduced on the basis of traditional correlation algorithms to break through the limitations of the sampling rate and further improve the accuracy of time delay estimation.At the same time,a first-arrival-path (FAP) searching algorithm based on noise threshold was used to suppress multipath effects.Through experimental simulation,the results show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the time delay estimation accuracy of NB-IoT on the basis of related algorithms.     

微型斯特林制冷机回热器的分形表征

为研究回热器中填充结构的微观结构特征,基于多孔介质分形理论,使用压汞法对回热器孔隙分布情况及分形维数进行研究.回热器是微型斯特林制冷机的关键部件,使用不锈钢网片或不锈钢毡填充制备的回热器是一种典型的多孔介质.采用压汞法对回热器进行微观结构测试,得出回热器内部孔隙分布范围.结合多孔介质分形分析的基础理论,计算得出回热器分...     

Solar-Driven Interfacial Evaporation Accelerated Electrocatalytic Water Splitting on 2D Perovskite Oxide/MXene Heterostructure

The rational design of economic and high-performance electrocatalytic water-splitting systems is of great significance for energy and environmental sustainability. Developing a sustainable energy conversion-assisted electrocatalytic process provides a promising novel approach to effectively boost its performance. Herein, a self-sustained water-splitting system originated from the heterostructure of perovskite oxide with 2D Ti₃C₂T_x MXene on Ni foam (La_1-xSr_xCoO₃/Ti₃C₂T_x MXene/Ni) that shows high activity for solar-powered water evaporation and simultaneous electrocatalytic water splitting is presented. The all-in-one interfacial electrocatalyst exhibits highly improved oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance with a low overpotential of 279 mV at 10 mA cm⁻² and a small Tafel slope of 74.3 mV dec⁻¹, superior to previously reported perovskite oxide-based electrocatalysts. Density functional theory calculations reveal that the integration of La_0.9Sr_0.1CoO₃ with Ti₃C₂T_x MXene can lower the energy barrier for the electron transfer and decrease the OER overpotential, while COMSOL simulations unveil that interfacial solar evaporation could induce OH⁻ enrichment near the catalyst surfaces and enhance the convection flow above the catalysts to remove the generated gas, remarkably accelerating the kinetics of electrocatalytic water splitting.     

卡诺图在数字电路分析和设计中的应用

卡诺图是数字电路中非常重要的分析和设计工具。通过若干实例,揭示了卡诺图的直观性和实用性,系统全面地掌握卡诺图的各种应用,可以大大简化数字电路分析和设计的过程,起到事半功倍的效果。     

基于RBF-SVM智能配变终端的网络安全态势评估

面向台区部署的智能配变终端受自身漏洞及通信网络脆弱性等多方面的影响,易受到网络攻击.针对智能配变终端存在的安全问题,提出一种基于RBF-SVM智能配变终端网络安全态势评估方法.首先,分析该终端可能遭受的网络攻击,提取相应的安全检测指标,并将检测指标数据归一化处理;然后构建基于高斯(RBF)核函数的非线性支持向量机(SVM)分类器,采用k折交叉验证与网格搜索法确定该分类器的最优参数C和g,建立智能配变终端安全态势评估模型;最后将检测指标数据样本代入模型中进行训练和测试.结果表明所提方法与随机森林和逻辑回归等方法相比较,具有更高的准确率,可实现终端安全态势评估,对电力终端安全防护具有一定的实用价值.     

平板陶瓷膜生物反应器反冲洗方法研究

针对MBR反冲洗效果不佳,耗水量较多等问题,本研究对其进行了改进,用陶瓷膜替换平板膜,并在此基础上提出了全水法、气水联合法、全气法三种反冲洗方式进行研究,旨在减缓膜污染和延长膜寿命,提高MBR系统效能。实验结果表明,在相同处理效果前提下,气水联合反冲洗可有效地减缓膜污染,且仅为全水反冲洗耗水量的一半,膜通量基本不受影响,效能显著。     

河流微孔曝气系统充氧性能优化试验EI北大核心CSCD

针对河流微孔曝气系统复氧效率较低的问题,基于单因素试验和响应面优化试验,以氧体积传质系数为评价指标,研究了曝气系统氧传质过程中微孔曝气器孔径、曝气水深、盐度、BOD_(5)及表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)质量浓度对充氧性能的影响规律,并建立了多元二次回归模型,对曝气参数进行优化。结果表明:5种因素对氧体积传质系数均有影响,其影响的显著程度由大到小分别为曝气水深、SDBS质量浓度、盐度、微孔曝气器孔径、BOD_(5)质量浓度;微孔曝气器孔径和SDBS质量浓度、盐度和SDBS质量浓度之间存在显著的交互作用;模型预测值与试验值的相对误差在合理范围内,所建立的回归模型准确可靠。     

不同空化条件下轴流泵反向发电压力脉动特性研究

以南水北调某泵站为模型,对该泵站大型轴流泵反向发电发生空化条件现象进行全流道数值模拟。对反向发电工况下空化现象进行定常与非定常研究,并与试验结果做比较,得出了水泵反向发电时发生不同空化条件下的气泡体积分布规律,并预测了叶片发生空化的发展特性。在反向发电工况下对三个监测面的压力脉动进行研究,得出压力脉动幅值在导叶进口处最小,转轮出口处幅值最大,约为转轮进口处7倍,水流受转轮转动影响严重,主频为转频。不同空化数下转轮前后的压力脉动幅值随着空化系数减小而增大,压力脉动主频不受空化系数影响。空化数越小,叶片受到的径向力减小,轴向力增加,加剧转轮的不稳定性。为确保轴流泵反向发电运行的稳定与高效,应使得装置在较高的空化系数下运行。     

基于Sobol法的TOPMODEL模型全局敏感性分析

Sobol法是最具代表性的全局敏感性分析方法。应用Sobol全局敏感性分析方法分析TOPMODEL模型的参数对Nash-Sutcliffe效率系数、总水量平衡误差系数、低水流量误差系数和高水流量误差系数4个目标函数的敏感性。通过对白盆珠水库、流溪河水库的分析结果表明,较敏感的参数有M、lnT0、Sr0和Rv,Sobol方法给出的定量敏感度能衡量敏感性表现的差异,并反映出了模型"异参同效"的现象。