Calcification in untreated non-Hodgkin''s mediastinal lymphoma

We report a case of calcifications in mediastinal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Although calcification may occur in lymphoma after chemotherapy or radiotherapy in areas of fibrous healing and scar formation, it has been reported only rarely in untreated non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.     

Multilayered optical OFDM for high spectral efficiency in visible light communication system

Photonic Network Communications - This paper presents two new schemes for improving the spectral efficiency of an optical orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing-based visible light...     

A Calorimetric Study of the Interaction between Waxy Maize Starch and Lipid

There is considerable debate on the definition and measurement of the amount of amylose in starch and whether hydrophobic ligands can form a complex with amylopectin. One method for amylose determination is through the measurement of amylose‐lipid complexation using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), with the assumption that amylopectin cannot form such a complex. As the sensitivity and methodologies used for DSC improves, the validity of this assumption needs to be tested once again. For the experimental work, α‐L ‐lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC, 10% of starch dry weight) was used as the complexing agent and waxy maize starch. Optimisation of the DSC included changing the heating rate from 10ºC/min to 40ºC/min, which resulted in a higher sensitivity enabling the recording of an endotherm associated with the dissociation of a starch‐LPC complex. The observation of the endothermic formation of such complex could only be achieved when a microcalorimeter, which analyses a much larger sample than a standard calorimeter (190 mg of dry starch compared to 13 mg) was used. There are two possible interpretations for these observations: Either waxy maize starch contains traces of amylose (~ 0.5‐0.7%) and the DSC is sufficiently sensitive to detect these amounts or the α‐1,6 glucan long branches of waxy maize starch bind linear aliphatic compounds.     

Physicochemical properties of commercial semi-sweet biscuit

This study was performed to provide information about the physical and chemical characteristics of commercial semi-sweet biscuits and to ascertain the key characteristics of commercial semi-sweet biscuits (rich tea type), in terms of starch properties, such as gelatinisation, pasting, granule crystallinity and morphology, and to compare the magnitudes of changes of physical characteristics (diameter, thickness, weight and bulk density) for selected brands. A total of 10 rich tea biscuits from different brands were bought locally and were measured for physical and chemical characteristics. The three-point bend test showed that a biscuit with lower fat content was harder than a biscuit with normal fat content, except for sample B. Starch gelatinisation properties show that To, Tp and Tc were higher than for wheat flour whereas ΔH was lower than for wheat flour. X-ray results showed that commercial biscuits still retained their crystallinity but at lower intensities than native wheat flour. Microscopy observations revealed that some of the granule birefringence of commercial biscuits can still be observed under polarised light. Different brands of biscuits showed different physical and chemical characteristics.     

Psychopathology in children and adolescents with developmental disorders

Children and adolescents with developmental disorders suffer from a wide range of psychopathology. However, there are no published studies examining this subject exclusively in this population using recent diagnostic criteria. The primary purpose of this paper is to report on the diagnosis encountered in a clinical setting using DSM-III-R. The medical records of all individuals assessed in a specialized program during a 1-year period were reviewed looking at their demographic features, diagnoses, and target behaviors. Our sample consisted of 233 subjects and contained significantly more boys than girls. The most common psychiatric diagnoses were oppositional defiant disorder and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pica, organic mental disorder NOS, and Autistic Disorder were more often encountered in individuals with low intellectual functioning. Depressive disorders, posttraumatic stress disorder, and developmental speech/language disorders were diagnosed more in high functioning subjects. The most common symptom was impulsivity. This retrospective study highlights the need for more rigorous examination of current diagnostic concepts and criteria in children and adolescents with developmental disorders. Prospective studies should be conducted with standardized instruments in clinics and community samples to provide more information on psychiatric disorders in this population.