VLC Enabled Hybrid Wireless Network for B5G/6G Communications

Wireless Personal Communications - In the present scenario, there is a boom in the demand of the users to achieve increased capacity, high data, low latency, and high-performance rates. 5G New...     

Ionic liquid mediated nano-composite polymer gel electrolyte for rechargeable battery application

ABSTRACT

Nano-composite polymer gel electrolytes (NPGEs) based on polymer poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) PVdF-HFP, ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide BMIMTFSI, Li-salt along with the addition of SiO₂ nanoparticles have been synthesized and characterized by various techniques. Prepared NPGEs show high room temperature ionic conductivity (~10^?3 S/cm) and have a wide electrochemical window (ECW) (~3.3–3.5 V). The galvanostatic charge/discharge profile was studied by sandwiching best performing NPGEs between a LiFePO₄ cathode and lithium metal anode. The specific discharge capacity of the cell (Li/NPGE/LiFePO₄) room temperature at 0.1C rate is found to be 138 mAh/g.     

Green synthesis of anisotropic gold nanoparticles using hordenine and their antibiofilm efficacy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a notorious pathogen that causes biofilm aided infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and burn wounds, resulting in significant mortality in immunocompromised individuals. This study reports a novel one‐step biosynthesis of gold nanoparticles using phytocompound, hordenine (HD), as a reducing and capping agent. The synthesis of the anisotropic hordenine‐fabricated gold nanoparticles (HD‐AuNPs) with an average particle size of 136.87 nm was achieved within 12 h of incubation at room temperature. Both HD and HD‐AuNPs exhibited significant antibiofilm activity against P. aeruginosa PAO1, although greater biofilm inhibition was observed for the nanoparticles as compared to hordenine alone. In the microtitre plate assay and tube method, the nanoparticles significantly inhibited the biofilm formation by 73.69 and 78.41%, respectively. The exopolysaccharide production by the test pathogen was arrested by 68.46% on treatment with the nanoparticles. Further, the effect of HD and HD‐AuNPs on the biofilm architecture of P. aeruginosa was revealed by light and confocal laser‐scanning microscopy micrographs. The overall results of this study suggested the synergistic antibiofilm effect of AuNPs and HD for the treatment of chronic bacterial infections caused by biofilms forming pathogens.Inspec keywords: molecular biophysics, biochemistry, gold, nanoparticles, nanofabrication, microorganisms, organic compounds, particle size, nanobiotechnologyOther keywords: green synthesis, anisotropic gold nanoparticles, hordenine, antibiofilm efficacy, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, pathogen, cystic fibrosis, burn wounds, one‐step biosynthesis, phytocompound, reducing agent, capping agent, particle size, microtitre plate assay, tube method, confocal laser‐scanning microscopy micrographs, Au     

Efficient Jarratt-like methods for solving systems of nonlinear equations

We present the iterative methods of fourth and sixth order convergence for solving systems of nonlinear equations. Fourth order method is composed of two Jarratt-like steps and requires the evaluations of one function, two first derivatives and one matrix inversion in each iteration. Sixth order method is the composition of three Jarratt-like steps of which the first two steps are that of the proposed fourth order scheme and requires one extra function evaluation in addition to the evaluations of fourth order method. Computational efficiency in its general form is discussed. A comparison between the efficiencies of proposed techniques with existing methods of similar nature is made. The performance is tested through numerical examples. Moreover, theoretical results concerning order of convergence and computational efficiency are confirmed in the examples. It is shown that the present methods are more efficient than their existing counterparts, particularly when applied to the large systems of equations.     

Carbon nanowalls deposited by inductively coupled plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition using aluminum acetylacetonate as precursor

Well aligned carbon nanowalls, a few nanometers thick, were fabricated by continuous flow of aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(acac)₃) without a catalyst, and independent of substrate material. The nanowalls were grown on Si, and steel substrates using inductively coupled plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. Deposition parameters like flow of argon gas and substrate temperature were correlated with the growth of carbon nanowalls. For a high flow of argon carrier gas, an increased amount of aluminum in the film and a reduced lateral size of the carbon walls were found. The aluminum is present inside the carbon nanowall matrix in the form of well crystallized nanosized Al₄C₃ precipitates.     

Residual U-Network for Breast Tumor Segmentation from Magnetic Resonance Images

Breast cancer positions as the most well-known threat and the main source of malignant growth-related morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is apical of all new cancer incidences analyzed among females. Two features substantially influence the classification accuracy of malignancy and benignity in automated cancer diagnostics. These are the precision of tumor segmentation and appropriateness of extracted attributes required for the diagnosis. In this research, the authors have proposed a ResU-Net (Residual U-Network) model for breast tumor segmentation. The proposed methodology renders augmented, and precise identification of tumor regions and produces accurate breast tumor segmentation in contrast-enhanced MR images. Furthermore, the proposed framework also encompasses the residual network technique, which subsequently enhances the performance and displays the improved training process. Over and above, the performance of ResU-Net has experimentally been analyzed with conventional U-Net, FCN8, FCN32. Algorithm performance is evaluated in the form of dice coefficient and MIoU (Mean Intersection of Union), accuracy, loss, sensitivity, specificity, F1score. Experimental results show that ResU-Net achieved validation accuracy & dice coefficient value of 73.22% & 85.32% respectively on the Rider Breast MRI dataset and outperformed as compared to the other algorithms used in experimentation.     

Studies of interaction of amines with TOPO/TOP capped CdSe quantum dots: Role of crystallite size and oxidation potential

This work reports the interaction of aliphatic (triethyl amine, butyl amine) and aromatic amines (PPD, aniline) with CdSe quantum dots of varied sizes. The emission properties and lifetime values of CdSe quantum dots were found to be dependent on the oxidation potential of amines and crystallite sizes. Smaller CdSe quantum dots (size 5 nm) ensure better surface coverage of amines and hence higher quenching efficiency of amines could be realized as compared to larger CdSe quantum dots (size 14 nm). Heterogeneous quenching of amines due to the presence of accessible and inaccessible set of CdSe fluorophores is indicated. PPD owing to its lowest oxidation potential (0.26 V) has been found to have higher quenching efficiency as compared to other amines TEA and aniline having oxidation potentials 0.66 and >1.0 V, respectively. Butyl amine on the other hand, plays a dual role: its post-addition acts as a quencher for smaller and enhances emission for larger CdSe quantum dots, respectively. The beneficial effect of butyl amine in enhancing emission intensity could be attributed to enhance capping effect and better passivation of surface-traps.     

Low cost anodic bonding for MEMS packaging applications

Anodic bonding of Pyrex 7740 glass to bare silicon and oxidized silicon wafer is presented for micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) device packaging. Experimentally it has been observed that anodic bonding process parameters are varying with different 3D structures. The effects of bonding temperature and voltage are discussed by keeping the temperature constant and varying the voltage. The bonding interface has been studied by scanning electron microscope observations. Effective parameters for MEMS structure such as bonding temperature, voltage has been discussed.     

Hypex: A Tool for Extracting Business Intelligence from Sentiment Analysis using Enhanced LSTM

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Sentiment analysis, an application of machine learning in business is the process of identifying and cataloging comments, reviews, tweets, feedback, and even...