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排序方式: 共有1134条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Mani Balamurugan Hui‐Yun Jeong Venkata Surya Kumar Choutipalli Jung Sug Hong Hongmin Seo Natarajan Saravanan Jun Ho Jang Kang‐Gyu Lee Yoon Ho Lee Sang Won Im Venkatesan Subramanian Sun Hee Kim Ki Tae Nam 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(25)
The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbons is a challenging task because of the issues in controlling the efficiency and selectivity of the products. Among the various transition metals, copper has attracted attention as it yields more reduced and C2 products even while using mononuclear copper center as catalysts. In addition, it is found that reversible formation of copper nanoparticle acts as the real catalytically active site for the conversion of CO2 to reduced products. Here, it is demonstrated that the dinuclear molecular copper complex immobilized over graphitized mesoporous carbon can act as catalysts for the conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons (methane and ethylene) up to 60%. Interestingly, high selectivity toward C2 product (40% faradaic efficiency) is achieved by a molecular complex based hybrid material from CO2 in 0.1 m KCl. In addition, the role of local pH, porous structure, and carbon support in limiting the mass transport to achieve the highly reduced products is demonstrated. Although the spectroscopic analysis of the catalysts exhibits molecular nature of the complex after 2 h bulk electrolysis, morphological study reveals that the newly generated copper cluster is the real active site during the catalytic reactions. 相似文献
2.
3.
Keon Woo Kang Jaemin Ann Hwang Soo Lee 《Electronics letters》1994,30(25):2153-2154
The authors propose a method to estimate the synchronisation offset for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) frame alignment without resort to pilot tones. A decision-directed maximum-likelihood estimation of frame synchronisation offset is derived, and the performance of the proposed scheme is confirmed by computer simulation for QAM systems 相似文献
4.
The purpose of this work is to study the effects of specularly reflecting wall under the combined radiative and laminar free
convective heat transfer in an infinite square duct. An absorbing and emitting gray medium is enclosed by the opaque and diffusely
emitting walls. The walls may reflect diffusely or specularly. Boussinesq approximation is used for the buoyancy term. The
radiative heat transfer is evaluated using the direct discrete ordinates method. The parameters under considerations are Rayleigh
number, conduction to radiation parameter, optical thickness, wall emissivity and reflection mode. The differences caused
by the reflection mode on the stream line, and temperature distribution and wall heat fluxes are studied. Some differences
are observed for the categories mentioned above if the order of the conduction to radiation parameter is less than order of
10-3 for the range of Rayleigh number studied. The differences at the side wall heat flux distributions are observed as long as
the medium is optically thin. As the top wall emissivity decreases, the differences between these two modes are increased.
As the optical thickness decreases at the fixed wall emissivity, the differences also increase. The difference of the streamlines
or the temperature contours is not as distinct as the side wall heat flux distributions. The specular reflection may alter
the fluid motion. 相似文献
5.
Sangho Kim Young-Roc Im Sunghak Lee Hu-Chul Lee Sung-Joon Kim Jun Hwa Hong 《Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A》2004,35(7):2027-2037
This study is concerned with the effects of alloying elements on fracture toughness in the transition temperature region of
base metals and heat-affected zones (HAZs) of Mn-Mo-Ni low-alloy steels. Three kinds of steels whose compositions were varied
from the composition specification of SA 508 steel (grade 3) were fabricated by vacuum-induction melting and heat treatment,
and their fracture toughness was examined using an ASTM E1921 standard test method. In the steels that have decreased C and
increased Mo and Ni content, the number of fine M2C carbides was greatly increased and the number of coarse M3C carbides was decreased, thereby leading to the simultaneous improvement of tensile properties and fracture toughness. Brittle
martensite-austenite (M-A) constituents were also formed in these steels during cooling, but did not deteriorate fracture
toughness because they were decomposed to ferrite and fine carbides after tempering. Their simulated HAZs also had sufficient
impact toughness after postweld heat treatment. These findings indicated that the reduction in C content to inhibit the formation
of coarse cementite and to improve toughness and the increase in Mo and Ni to prevent the reduction in hardenability and to
precipitate fine M2C carbides were useful ways to improve simultaneously the tensile and fracture properties of the HAZs as well as the base
metals. 相似文献
6.
Kyungyong Choi Maesoon Im Ji-Min Choi Yang-Kyu Choi 《Microfluidics and nanofluidics》2012,12(5):821-827
A new droplet-driving scheme for digital microfluidics termed the “pre-charging of a droplet” is demonstrated. In this method,
a droplet is initially charged by applying “pre-charging” voltage between the droplet and an electrode buried under dielectric
layers. The droplet is then driven to the next electrode by applying “driving” voltage between two adjacent buried electrodes.
The concept of pre-charging was proved by the polarity of the charge stored in the droplet. When the droplet is pre-charged
with positive voltage, it is driven with negative voltage and vice versa. Therefore, the magnitudes of the pre-charging and
driving voltages are identical, but only with the opposite polarity. A 2.5-μL deionized water droplet is pre-charged and driven
at a minimal voltage of 12 V. The charge stored in the droplet by this pre-charging method remained for more than 2 min, and
the driving actuation could be repeated more than 150 times while the droplet remained its charged state. This method suggests
a new means of driving a droplet for digital microfluidics at a relatively low voltage by utilizing both the electrostatic
and dielectrophoretic force in the droplet transport process with a simpler structure compared to other single-plate structured
devices. 相似文献
7.
Microstructures and properties of sintered CdS films on glass substrates and sintered CdTe films on polycrystal CdS substrates have been investigated. The CdS films, which contained 9 wt % CdCl2 as a sintering aid and were sintered at 650° C for 1 h in nitrogen, are transparent and have an average grain size of 15m and an electrical resistivity of 0.5cm. The CdTe films, which were coated on the sintered CdS substrate and were sintered above 610° C for 1 h in nitrogen, have a dense structure with an average grain size larger than 5m. All polycrystal CdS/CdTe solar cells were fabricated by this successive coating and sintering method. The sintering temperature of CdTe films on the sintered CdS films was varied from 585 to 700° C. Compositional interfaces and p-n juctions are formed during sintering. The highest solar efficiency (7.18%) was found in a solar cell made by sintering the composite layer of glass-CdS-CdTe at 625° C for 1 h. A fabrication temperature below 610° C resulted in poor solar cell efficiencies due to the porous structure of the CdTe films and above 650° C also resulted in poor efficiencies due to the formation of a CdS1-x
Tex layer at the interface and a large p-n junction depth. 相似文献
8.
Youri Oh Hoyong Jung Hyejin Kim Jihyun Baek Joonhong Jun Hyunwook Cho Daseul Im Jung-Mi Hah 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(8)
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays an important role in cell cycle progression and proliferation in cancer cells. PLK1 also contributes to anticancer drug resistance and is a valuable target in anticancer therapeutics. To identify additional effective PLK1 inhibitors, we performed QSAR studies of two series of known PLK1 inhibitors and proposed a new structure based on a hybridized 3D-QSAR model. Given the hybridized 3D-QSAR models, we designed and synthesized 4-benzyloxy-1-(2-arylaminopyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamides, and we inspected its inhibitory activities to identify novel PLK1 inhibitors with decent potency and selectivity. 相似文献
9.
Intercalated nanocomposites with poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) incorporated between the montmorillonite layers were synthesized from dimethyl terephthalate and 1,4-butane diol by using an in situ interlayer polymerization. The PBT nanocomposites were melt-spun at different organoclay contents to produce monofilaments. The samples were characterized by using wide angle X-ray diffraction, electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and tensile testing. The extent of the clay layer in the PBT was confirmed by using X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy, and the clay layer was found to be highly dispersed on a nanometer scale. The addition of only a small amount of organoclay was enough to improve the thermo-mechanical properties of the PBT hybrid fibers. The hybrids were extruded with various draw ratios (DRs) to examine the tensile mechanical property of the fibers. At DR=1, the ultimate tensile strength of the hybrid fibers increased with the addition of clay up to a critical content and then decreased. However, the initial modulus monotonically increased with increasing amount of organoclay in the PBT matrix. When the DR was increased from 1 to 6, for example, the strength and the initial modulus values of the hybrids containing 3 wt% organoclay decreased linearly. 相似文献
10.
Ji‐Sun Im Ju‐Hyung Lee Seung‐Kook An Ki‐Won Song Nam‐Ju Jo Jang‐Oo Lee Kohji Yoshinaga 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2006,100(3):2053-2061
A new type of polyimide/silica (PI/SiO2) hybrid composite films was prepared by blending polymer‐modified colloidal silica with the semiflexible polyimide. Polyimide was solution‐imidized at higher temperature than the glass transition temperature (Tg) using 3,3′,4,4′‐biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride (BPDA) and 4,4′‐diaminodiphenyl ether (ODA). The morphological observation on the prepared hybrid films by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) pointed to the existence of miscible organic–inorganic phase, which resulted in improved mechanical properties compared with pure PI. The incorporation of the silica structures in the PI matrix also increased both Tg and thermal stability of the resulting films. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 100: 2053–2061, 2006 相似文献