PSoC-based embedded design and quartz tuning fork for low-temperature measurement system design

This article describes a commercial quartz tuning fork (QTF), 8 mm in height by 3 mm in diameter, holding a two-terminal electronic component with a nominal frequency of 32.768 kHz and 12.5 pF typical load capacitance packed in a vacuum-sealed metal container, which has been used as a sensor for low-temperature measurement with good sensitivity, repeatability, and reliability. An embedded readout design with the support of a programmable system on-chip (PSoC) and virtual instrument control program, which uses a personal computer as an input/output device, provides online data acquisition of the QTF frequency data, which will in turn provide the measurement of the low-temperature bath in which the QTF is immersed. The embedded PSoC readout captures the varying frequency signals from the QTF as a response to the measurement temperature, processes it, and sends the frequency value to a personal computer, where LabVIEW, a graphical language ("G" language), displays the data in a graphical format. The QTFs for low temperature (300 K to 77 K) are well studied, whereas a sensor using a PSoC embedded design as a readout is a novel design implementation.     

Performance Evaluation of Arc Welding Process Using Weld Data Analysis

Shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) and metal inert gas (GMAW) welding process are the two most widely used welding processes. These processes are widely used for the construction and fabrication purpose in almost all type of industries. Some of the important factors which govern the weld quality in these welding processes are welding power sources, role of shielding gas (for GMAW process), welding consumables and skill of the welders. Currently, effects of these factors are evaluated by examining the quality of the weld produced and not by monitoring how welding process is affected by change in these factors. This is an indirect method because actual contribution made by individual parameter in physical process is effectively ignored. Further, this is expensive and time-consuming as the assessment can be carried out only after the weld is completed. Hence, a procedure to assess the quality of welding process using the data acquired while welding is in progress is preferred to testing of the weld for this purpose. In both SMAW and GMAW processes, welding speed, voltage and current are important parameters that affect the quality of the welds. Among these, monitoring of welding speed is relatively easy; but monitoring voltage and current is not. This is because, welding is a stochastic process in which wide variation in voltage and current occurs and duration of these variations is so short that they are not observed in the voltage and current displayed in the power source. However, with the help of a high-speed data acquisition system, voltage and current variations during actual welding process can be recorded and subsequently analysed to reveal very useful information on the welding process, and subsequently quality analysis of individual welding parameters can also be done. In the present study, the voltage and current signals acquired using a digital storage oscilloscope have been used to study SMAW and GMAW processes. Data was acquired for duration of 20 s at a sampling rate of 100,000 samples/s while welding is in progress. In the case of SMAW process, welding data was acquired for welds made using different welding power sources, but with same welder and same type of electrode. In the case of GMAW process, welds were made using same wire and same welder but with different gases for shielding and at different set currents. Dynamic variation in the voltage and current signals were carefully studied using time domain and statistical analyses. Results showed that differences in the characteristics of the different power sources used for SMAW process and effect of shielding gases and arc current on GMAW process could be easily revealed by such analysis. For SMAW process, results obtained could also be correlated with the appearance of the weld beads. Hence, a procedure involving high-speed data acquisition of voltage and current signal while welding is in progress and the statistical analysis of the acquired data have been proposed for monitoring of these two arc welding processes.     

Development of SQUID-Based System for Nondestructive Evaluation

This article describes the development of a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID)-based system for nondestructive evaluation. The setup incorporates an in-house developed thin-film-based Nb SQUID with readout flux locked loop electronics and consists of a liquid helium cryostat with adjustable stand-off distance, a precision XY- thetas scanner for studying both flat and cylindrical samples, and a data acquisition system. The system has been used for the detection of artificially engineered subsurface defects in aluminum plates and to track magnetic-to-nonmagnetic phase transformation in stainless steel [grade 316L(N)] weldment specimens subjected to low cycle fatigue deformation.     

Cloud Dynamic Scheduling for Multimedia Data Encryption Using Tabu Search Algorithm

The cloud computing is interlinked with recent and out-dated technology. The cloud data storage industry is earning billion and millions of money through this technology. The cloud remote server storage is on-demand technology. The cloud users are expecting higher quality in minimal cost. The quality of service is playing a vital role in any latest technology. The cloud user always depends on thirty party service providers. This service provider is facing higher competition. The customer is choosing a service based on two parameters one is security and another one is cost. The reason behind this is all our personal data is stored on some third party server. The customer is expecting higher security level. The service provider is choosing many techniques for data security, best one is encryption mechanism. This encryption method is having many algorithms. Then again one problem is raised, that is which algorithm is best for encryption. The prediction of algorithm is one of major task. Each and every algorithm is having unique advantage. The algorithm performance is varying depends on file type. The proposed method of this article is to solve this encryption algorithm selection problem by using tabu search concept. The proposed method is to ensure best encryption method to reducing the average encode and decode time in multimedia data. The local search scheduling concept is to schedule the encryption algorithm and store that data in local memory table. The quality of service is improved by using proposed scheduling technique.

     

Automating the Design and Construction of Query Forms

One of the simplest ways to query a database is through a form where a user can fill in relevant information and obtain desired results by submitting the form. Designing good forms is a nontrivial manual task, and the designer needs a sound understanding of both the data organization and the querying needs. Furthermore, form design usually has conflicting goals: each form should be simple and easy to understand, while collectively, the interface must support as many queries as possible. In this paper, we present a framework for generating forms in an automatic and principled way, given a database and a sample query workload. We design a tunable clustering algorithm for establishing form structure based on multiple “similar” queries, which includes a mechanism for extending forms to support future “similar” queries. The algorithm is adaptive and can incrementally adjust forms to reflect the most current querying trends. We have implemented our form generation system on a real database and evaluated it on a comprehensive set of query loads and database schemas. We observe that our system generates a modest number of forms for large and diverse query loads even after placing a strict bound on form complexity.     

Energy-Efficient Cluster in Wireless Sensor Network Using Life Time Delay Clustering Algorithms

Through Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) formation, industrial and academic communities have seen remarkable development in recent decades. One of the most common techniques to derive the best out of wireless sensor networks is to upgrade the operating group. The most important problem is the arrangement of optimal number of sensor nodes as clusters to discuss clustering method. In this method, new client nodes and dynamic methods are used to determine the optimal number of clusters and cluster heads which are to be better organized and proposed to classify each round. Parameters of effective energy use and the ability to decide the best method of attachments are included. The Problem coverage find change ability network route due to which traffic and delays keep the performance to be very high. A newer version of Gravity Analysis Algorithm (GAA) is used to solve this problem. This proposed new approach GAA is introduced to improve network lifetime, increase system energy efficiency and end delay performance. Simulation results show that modified GAA performance is better than other networks and it has more advanced Life Time Delay Clustering Algorithms-LTDCA protocols. The proposed method provides a set of data collection and increased throughput in wireless sensor networks.