An engineer's guide to algorithmic structures

This tutorial paper introduces the basic concepts of the theory of algorithms, defines regular algorthmic structures and illustrates some of the advantages of using such structures for the solution of engineering problems.     

An algebra of algorithms and its application to program design and maintenance

This paper presents a method, comprising a new algebra and a formal procedure, for restructuring irregular algorithms. The resulting regular structures contain only three types of substructures: ‘sequence’, ‘if’ and ‘while’, and preserve all constituent transformations of the original.The method is primarily an aid for the design and maintenance of large-scale software.     

Fluorescence line narrowing applied to the study of proteins

Fluorescence line narrowing is a high resolution spectroscopic technique that uses low temperature and laser excitation to optically select specific subpopulations from the inhomogeneously broadened absorption band of the sample. When applied to the study of fluorescent groups in proteins one can obtain vibronically resolved spectra, which can be analyzed to give information on spectral line shapes, vibrational energies of both the ground and excited state molecule, and the inhomogeneous distribution function of the electronic transitions. These parameters reveal information about the chromophoric prosthetic group and the protein matrix and are functions of geometric strains and local electric fields imposed by the protein. Examples of the use of fluorescence line narrowing are discussed in investigations of heme proteins, photosynthetic systems and tryptophan-containing proteins.     

Testing switching networks for short-circuit faults

A significant class of faults in switching networks is due to short circuits between signal terminals. A method is proposed which tests networks for such faults, making use of algorithms developed for detecting or diagnosing stuck-at-level faults.