Standing-wave EO phase modulator using nonperiodic domain inversionfor large modulation index

A deep microwave EO phase modulator using a standing-wave electrode structure together with nonperiodic domain inversion is presented. The calculation and experimental results show that the maximum modulation index obtained by this modulator is 30% higher than the best result obtained for a travelling-wave EO phase modulator with periodic domain inversion     

Ultrafast unidirectional beam deflection using an electrooptictraveling phase grating with periodic domain inversion

We report a new electrooptic traveling-phase grating with periodic domain inversion and its application to ultrafast unidirectional beam deflection. The electrooptic traveling phase grating utilizes Raman-Nath diffraction to spatially separate input light to many diffracted beams on the far-field plane. Then, unidirectional optical beam deflection can be achieved by adjusting amplitudes and phases of the diffracted beams. In the experiment, ultrafast unidirectional deflection by the traveling phase grating is demonstrated at 16.25 GHz using a simple phase-only control     

Femtosecond optical pulse generation from a CW laser using anelectrooptic phase modulator featuring lens modulation

We report a novel electrooptic phase modulator featuring lens modulation and its application to the electrooptic chirping compression method for ultrashort optical pulse generation. In the pulse generation experiment, pedestal free optical pulses of 550 fs in width with a 16.25-GHz repetition rate were obtained by the group delay dispersion of a grating pair from a CW Ar laser. Furthermore, the electrooptic chirping compression method with the electrooptic phase modulator featuring lens modulation is applicable to the negative group delay dispersion as well as positive group delay dispersion     

Sj?gren's syndrome presenting as hypokalemic paralysis due to distal renal tubular acidosis

A 57-year-old woman presented with a flaccid paralysis, muscle tenderness, and respiratory depression. Laboratory results demonstrated severe hypokalemia with hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis and abnormally acidified urine. The urinary anion gap was positive in the presence of acidemia, thus establishing the diagnosis of distal renal tubular acidosis (DRTA). The patient fully recovered after potassium and alkali replacement. Further investigation revealed Sj?gren's syndrome as the underlying cause of DRTA.