Endless polarisation state matching control experiment using two controllers of finite control range

The experimental results of a new, endless polarisation state matching (PSM) control scheme which requires only two finite control range controllers are presented. Only one controller is required to maintain PSM conditions. The second controller is only utilised during the reset procedure. The consequently simplified control protocol can maintain PSM conditions even during resets.     

Multiple-output all-optical header processing technique based ontwo-pulse correlation principle

A serial all-optical header processing technique based on a two-pulse correlation principle in a semiconductor laser amplifier in a loop mirror (SLALOM) configuration that can number of output ports is presented. The demonstrated experimentally at a 10 Gbit/s Manchester encoded data stream. Experimental evidence is provided in the case of two different output ports     

All-optical serial header processing based on two-pulse correlation

An all-optical serial header processor is demonstrated using a semiconductor laser amplifier in a loop mirror configuration (SLALOM). The operation of the header processor is discussed and it is experimentally demonstrated with a 10 Gbit/s Manchester encoded (information rate of 5 Gbit/s) packet stream. The operation of the header processor is based on the correlation function of the SLALOM. The header processor can be utilised in devising all-optical packet switches     

All-optical 1310 nm WDM to 1550 nm OTDM transmultiplexing

1310 to 1550 nm transmultiplexing based on nonlinear polarisation rotation in a single semiconductor optical amplifier is proposed. Error-free 2/spl times/5 Gbit/s 1310 nm to 10 Gbit/s 1550 nm transmultiplexing is demonstrated.     

80 Gbit/s wavelength conversion using semiconductor optical amplifier and optical bandpass filter

A wavelength converter is presented that is made out of a semiconductor optical amplifier and an optical bandpass filter. Error-free inverted wavelength conversion is demonstrated at a bitrate of 80 Gbit/s. This approach can be exploited at higher bitrates. A clear open eye indicating error-free wavelength conversion at 160 Gbit/s is also presented. This wavelength converter has a simple configuration and allows photonic integration.     

Performance Analysis of an Integrated Spectral OCDMA Technique Including Coupler Imbalance

In this letter, we show, for the first time, that an integrated spectral optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) technique has a comparable performance with respect to coherent OCDMA techniques based on a crosstalk analysis. The code set is further studied on its resilience against imbalances in the 3-dB couplers of the en/decoders (E/Ds). The orthogonality remains acceptable for imbalance penalties up to 1 dB. The analysis done in the letter considers a cascade and a tree E/D which shows negligible differences in performance.     

Cost-effective up to 40 Gb/s transmission performance of 1310 nm directly Modulated lasers for short- to medium-range distances

This paper presents successful 20 and 40 Gb/s potentially low-cost transmission experiments using 1310 nm directly modulated distributed feedback lasers (DMLs) in the very-short- to medium-range distances. This paper will recommend operating conditions for error-free transmission at these bit rates and distances. Pattern dependencies are identified. General characteristics of direct laser modulation are confirmed by dedicated simulation software and experiments. Unknown laser parameters needed to solve the rate equations are estimated by a given method based on measured and calculated small- and large-signal DML responses.     

An initialisation protocol for a CDMA based communications schemefor HFC CATV networks

An initialization protocol for a CDMA based communications system for hybrid fiber coax (HFC) central antenna television (CATV) networks is described. HFC CATV networks are shared medium access networks, employing the coaxial bus principle between an optical network terminator and the subscriber. To realize access in the upstream direction, a multiple access scheme based on CDMA can be used. However, before access is granted in the upstream direction, each cable modem connected to the coaxial bus needs to undergo a startup procedure at activation of the modem to determine timing and physical layer related settings. The initialization mechanism described performs time synchronization of a modem and the determination of the power the modem should use. Next to these physical layer settings, also the identity of a modem is determined during the initialization process     

Tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily: tolerability in older and younger patients with lower urinary tract symptoms suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction (symptomatic BPH). The European Tamsulosin Study Group

OBJECTIVES: To compare the safety and tolerability of tamsulosin 0.4 mg once daily in younger (< 65 years) and older (> or = 65 years) patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) suggestive of benign prostatic obstruction (BPO). METHODS: In a retrospective analysis of two European double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials, safety was assessed in 574 younger or older patients treated with tamsulosin or placebo for 12 weeks. RESULTS: The incidence of adverse events, drug-related adverse events, serious adverse events and discontinuations due to adverse events was similar in older and younger tamsulosin-treated patients and was not significantly different from placebo. Although abnormal ejaculation was slightly more common in younger than older men receiving tamsulosin, the difference was not statistically significant from the placebo groups in both age groups. The incidence of adverse events possibly associated with vasodilation in tamsulosin-treated younger and older patients was 8.4 and 4.2%, respectively; these were comparable with the values for placebo-treated patients: 7.5 and 6%, respectively. Baseline systolic blood pressure was higher in older than younger patients, but there were minimal changes in blood pressure or pulse rate in tamsulosin- or placebo-treated patients in either age group. CONCLUSIONS: Tamsulosin is well tolerated and suitable for use in older and younger patients with LUTS suggestive of BPO (symptomatic BPH).     

Vibration-RF Control of Superconducting-Helix Resonators for Heavy-Ion Acceleration

An electronic system for the control of the effects of RF frequency oscillations caused by mechanical vibrations in a superconducting helix are described. A combination of frequency modulation and amplitude modulation is used to lock the phase of a self-excited accelerating structure to that of a controlling master oscillator. The system has been used successfully during beam acceleration with a superconducting helix.