A comprehensive survey of AI-enabled phishing attacks detection techniques

In recent times, a phishing attack has become one of the most prominent attacks faced by internet users, governments, and service-providing organizations. In a phishing attack, the attacker(s) collects the client’s sensitive data (i.e., user account login details, credit/debit card numbers, etc.) by using spoofed emails or fake websites. Phishing websites are common entry points of online social engineering attacks, including numerous frauds on the websites. In such types of attacks, the attacker(s) create website pages by copying the behavior of legitimate websites and sends URL(s) to the targeted victims through spam messages, texts, or social networking. To provide a thorough understanding of phishing attack(s), this paper provides a literature review of Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques: Machine Learning, Deep Learning, Hybrid Learning, and Scenario-based techniques for phishing attack detection. This paper also presents the comparison of different studies detecting the phishing attack for each AI technique and examines the qualities and shortcomings of these methodologies. Furthermore, this paper provides a comprehensive set of current challenges of phishing attacks and future research direction in this domain.

     

A review of retinal blood vessels extraction techniques: challenges,taxonomy, and future trends

Pattern Analysis and Applications - The visual exploration of retinal blood vessels assists ophthalmologists in the diagnoses of different abnormalities of the eyes such as diabetic retinopathy,...     

Resource-efficient authentic key establishment in heterogeneous wireless sensor networks

A key challenge for the protection of heterogeneous wireless sensor networks (HWSNs) is how to enable sensor nodes to establish shared cryptographic keys in an authentic and resource-efficient manner for their secure communications. So far, a number of schemes have been developed to address this challenge. However, a main shortcoming of these schemes is that their use of sensor resources is not properly balanced. This has motivated us to propose a new lightweight scheme to rectify the problem. The scheme only employs symmetric cryptosystems for its design. It takes advantage of the hierarchical clustering feature of a HWSN to deliver a novel way of building vertical key shareability before sensor deployment to enable horizontal key shareability after the deployment for authentic shared key establishment. The scheme evaluation shows that it offers strong authenticity and resilience against various security threats, and is more resource-efficient, flexible and scalable than related work.