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The Time-Triggered Architecture, as architecture for safety-critical real-time applications, incorporates fault-tolerance
mechanisms to ensure correct system operation despite failures. The primary fault hypothesis of the TTA claims to tolerate
either the arbitrary failure of any one of its nodes or the passively arbitrary failure of any one of its communication channels.
To cover these failure modes, active redundancy techniques are used, which basically means that nodes and channels are physically
replicated. The primary fault hypothesis, is, however, not strong enough for certain applications that have to tolerate transient
upsets of multiple, possibly all, components in the system. Such a transient upset of the system may break up the synchrony
of the nodes and leave disjoined sets of nodes synchronized to each other while the overall synchronization is lost. Although
the TTA provides a clique avoidance algorithm that is able to correct a wide class of such multiple transient failures, a
stronger algorithm is needed for full coverage. In this paper we discuss a secondary fault hypothesis for the TTA that addresses
the transient upset of multiple components and present a new clique resolving algorithm based on the TTA's integrated diagnosis
and startup service.
This paper is a revised version of Steiner et al. (2003). This work has been funded by the European Project DECOS (Project
number: IST-511764).
Michael Paulitsch is currently affiliated with Honeywell International. 相似文献
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A hybrid electrical-optical circuit board is demonstrated using polysiloxane as low-loss and high-temperature stable waveguide material system. After board lamination at 180/spl deg/C for two hours and a subsequent annealing at 230/spl deg/C for 5 minutes the waveguide insertion loss is 0.05 dB/cm at 850 nm wavelength. 相似文献
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Kopetz Catalina E.; Reynolds Elizabeth K.; Hart Carl L.; Kruglanski Arie W.; Lejuez C. W. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2010,18(3):214
Researchers have identified the association between the use of cocaine and sexual behavior as an important risk factor for HIV infection and have attempted to elucidate the nature of this association. Several lines of research have suggested that facilitation of sexual behavior during intoxication with cocaine may be because of the direct pharmacological effects of the drug (e.g., increase in sexual desire), whereas others have pointed to the importance of factors related to the context of drug use (e.g., opportunities for sexual behavior, expectations about the effects of the drug, social norms). The present study explored the perceived effects of cocaine and heroin on sexual behavior, as well as the social context of drug use as a function of drug type (cocaine vs. heroin), among 46 inner-city drug users who reported a history of regular use of both crack cocaine and heroin. Results indicated that compared to heroin, cocaine had deleterious effects on participants' perceived sexual desire and performance. Despite such deleterious effects on sexual behavior, cocaine was more frequently used with an intimate partner than heroin. Furthermore, participants did not differ in the extent to which they used the two drugs in other social contexts (e.g., with friends, family, or neighbors). These preliminary results suggest that the relationship between cocaine and sexual behavior, especially among long-term cocaine users, may be facilitated by opportunities for sex that exist in the context of cocaine use, rather than by the pharmacological effects of the drug. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
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Horatiu Cirstea Claude Kirchner Radu Kopetz Pierre-Etienne Moreau 《Journal of Symbolic Computation》2010
Negation is intrinsic to human thinking and most of the time when searching for something, we base our patterns on both positive and negative conditions. This should be naturally reflected in software that provide pattern-based searches. We would like for example to specify that we search for white cars that are not station wagons, or that we search for a list of objects that does not contain two identical elements. 相似文献
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Rainer Engelke Gisela Ahrens Norbert Arndt-Staufenbiehl Stefan Kopetz Karin Wiesauer Bernd Löchel Henning Schröder Johann Kastner Andreas Neyer David Stifter Gabi Grützner 《Microsystem Technologies》2007,13(3-4):319-325
LIGA is the basic idea of promising developments for the manufacturing of microelectromechanical system parts containing high
aspect ratio microstructures. Aim of the work is a brief discussion of the starting-points for inline process inspection within
a direct LIGA technology using deep X-ray lithography for the production of micromechanical gear wheels with critical dimensions
of ∼35 μm width at ∼1 mm height as well as to show methodic and technical measuring possibilities. Firstly, results of the
determination of residual solvent content distribution within ultra-thick SU-8 films are shown obtained from refracted near
field optical measurements. Furthermore, the capability of X-ray computer tomographic imaging is discussed and measurements
for the determination of the three-dimensional shape of high aspect ratio microstructures are practically demonstrated with
microscopic and interferometric optical methods. Finally, first results demonstrate the potential of the optical coherence
tomography for several further important measurement tasks, among others, e.g. for the imaging of the distribution of mechanical
stress at the resist–substrate interface. The results show that much information which is essential in the LIGA process can
be achieved with recently available measurement methods. However, further development of non-destructive measurement techniques
would be desirable for an effective inline process control of mass production of micromechanical parts.
This work is a summary of the poster “Residual Solvent Content Distribution in Ultra-Thick SU-8 Films and Its Influence on
the Imaging Quality” and of the presentation “Possibilities of Inline Process Inspection of High Aspect Ratio LIGA Micro Structures”
to the High Aspect Ratio Micro Structure Technology workshop HARMST 2005 held in Gyeongju (Republic of Korea), June 10–13,
2005. 相似文献
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High-temperature stable flexible polymer waveguide laminates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A large area (390/spl times/150 mm) flexible polymer optical waveguide foil and its production process is presented. The waveguide materials are highly transparent, refractive index tuned polysiloxanes. The waveguide layer is embedded between two flexible PCB laminates. The optical loss at 850 nm is <0.06 dB/cm even after temperature treatments up to lead-free soldering temperatures of 290/spl deg/C. 相似文献
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H. Kopetz O. Univ.-Prof. Dr. phil. R. Obermaisser Univ.-Ass. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. U. Schmid Univ.-Prof. Dipl.-Ing. Dr. techn. 《e & i Elektrotechnik und Informationstechnik》2005,122(1-2):33-37
This article provides an overview of the various new research activities of the “Institut für Technische Informatik” at TU Vienna in the field of dependable embedded systems, in particular, the EC FP6 Network of Excellence ARTIST2 and the Integrated Projects ASSERT and DECOS. Those projects continue our long history of successful participation in EC projects and secure that TU Vienna will play a leading role in the new Dependable Embedded Systems Center, which shall further improve Austria’s excellent position in the international R & D. 相似文献