Are there cognitive subtypes in adult attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder?

There has been increasing knowledge of the treatment, diagnosis, and demographics of adults with residual attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, less is known about the neuropsychological functioning in adults with residual ADHD. In comparing the clinical neuropsychological test performance of a group of adult clinic patients with residual ADHD (N = 30) with that of normal controls (N = 10), we found the patients performed worse on the Trail Making Test, a visual continuous performance test, and the "Brown-Peterson" Auditory Consonant Trigrams Test, but not on any other neuropsychological measures. This pattern indicated a deficit in the area of executive control type functioning, a functional deficit that could be linked to dysregulation of frontal lobe brain systems. Of equal interest was that patients diagnosed with ADHD/hyperactive impulsive type (ADHD+) and patients diagnosed with ADHD/inattentive type (ADHD-) had different types of executive system deficits. ADHD+ was associated with relative deficiency on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. ADHD- was associated with relative deficiency on the "Brown-Peterson" Auditory Consonant Trigrams Test, a measure of working memory, as well as less olfactory identification on a smell identification test. The data are discussed in terms of recent localization theories of frontal lobe function. The preliminary data suggest that the different cognitive weaknesses of ADD subtypes may be linked to dysregulation of separate frontal brain regions and/or neurotransmitter systems.     

Family of uncorrelated binary ZCZ sequence pairs with mismatched filtering

A family of uncorrelated binary sequence pairs of length N=4(p^m+1) with zero correlation zone (ZCZ) (N/4) -1 and mismatched filtering is proposed. The sequence pairs are derived from almost- perfect binary and ternary sequences and possess energy efficiency close to 1 as N becomes large. They can be used in quasi-synchronous code division multiple access and radar systems to reduce interference.     

Crystal structure of a murine alpha-class glutathione S-transferase involved in cellular defense against oxidative stress

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The electric alloy brazed joints of removable partial denture alloys have failed frequently after routine usage. PURPOSE: A technique providing higher joint strengths was investigated. This investigation compared the tensile strengths of electric-brazed and laser-welded joints for a cobalt-chromium removable partial denture alloy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Twenty-four cobalt-chromium standard tensile testing rods were prepared and divided into three groups of eight. All specimens in the control group (group 1) were left in the as-cast condition. Groups 2 and 3 were the test specimens, which were sectioned at the center of the rod. Eight specimens were joined by using electric brazing, and the remaining specimens were joined by using laser welding. After joining, each joint was ground to a uniform diameter, then tested to tensile failure on an Instron universal testing machine. Failure loads were recorded and fracture stress calculated. Statistical analysis was applied. RESULTS: The student-Newman-Keuls test showed a highly significant difference between the joint strengths of the as-cast control specimens, the electric-brazed and laser-welded joints. CONCLUSIONS: The tensile strengths of the as-cast joints were higher than those for the laser-welded joints, and both were higher than the electric-brazed joint strengths.     

Clinical supervision research from 1981 to 1993: A methodological critique.

The empirical studies in clinical supervision published from 1981 through 1993 were investigated to assess scientific rigor and to test whether the quality of methodology had improved since the review by R. K. Russell, A. M. Crimmings, and R. W. Lent (1984). The 144 studies were evaluated according to 49 threats to validity (T. D. Cook & D. T. Campbell, 1979; R. K. Russell et al., 1984; B. E. Wampold, B. Davis, & R. H. Good III; see record 1990-28928-001) and 8 statistical variables (e.g., effect size, statistical power, and Type I and Type II error rates). The data revealed a shift to realistic field studies, unchecked Type I and Type II error rates, medium effect sizes, and inattention to hypothesis validity. Recommendations for designing and conducting a feasible and well-designed supervision study are offered. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Pattern formation in a horizontally shaken granular submonolayer

We study the mechanism leading to the formation of stripe-like patterns in a rectangular container filled with a sub-monolayer of frictional spherical particles when it is subjected to horizontal oscillations. By means of Molecular Dynamics simulations we could reproduce the experimental results. Systematic simulations allow to identify friction to be responsible for the pattern formation, that is, the tangential interaction between contacting particles and between the particles and the floor of the container. When particles are in contact with the floor and other adjacent particles simultaneously, there emerges a frustrated situation in which the particles are prevented from rolling on the floor. This effect leads to local jamming and eventually to stripe-like pattern formation. In the long time evolution, the stripes are unstable. Stripes may merge as well as disintegrate.