Performance of Smart Antenna Under Different Fading Conditions

Optimizing the current distribution of an evenly spaced antenna array has shown to be an efficient approach for reducing side lobe levels. In this article, the Tchebyscheff distribution-based antenna array synthesis approach is combined with an adaptive signal processing algorithm for beamforming and side lobe level reduction in smart antennas in various fading situations. The performance of smart antennas in uniformly spaced linear, planar, circular, and semi-circular arrays are evaluated. The presence of Rayleigh and Rician channels is examined in the network. The least mean square (LMS) and normalised least mean square (NLMS) algorithms are applied as adaptive algorithms. In fading environments, the NLMS algorithm with Tchebyscheff distribution outperforms than the LMS algorithm with Tchebyscheff distribution, with a side lobe level decrease of 11.23 dB. The lowest side lobe achieved with the NLMS algorithm with Tchebyscheff distribution is???45.59 dB for uniform planar array.

     

Impact of protectants on the storage stability of freeze-dried probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum

Food Science and Biotechnology - The ability of rice protein supplemented with various prebiotics to protect probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum TISTR 2075 upon freeze-drying and subsequent storage...