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排序方式: 共有211条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Erv J. Kuhlmann Dick Y. Jung Richard P. Guptill Charles A. Dyke Hyung K. Zang 《Fuel》1985,64(11):1552-1557
The presence of hydroaromatic, hydrogen donor components in a coal-derived solvent is one of the more important factors in the successful operation of a non-catalytic coal liquefaction process. Various hydrogen donor species present in a hydrogenated creosote oil have been identified. Their rate of disappearance under conditions that are consistent with a short residence time coal liquefaction process has been used to rank the reactivities of the various hydrogen donors. 1,2,3,10b-Tetrahydrofluoranthene was found to be an exceptional donor while 4,5-dihydropyrene, the hexahydropyrenes and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene were found to be quite active. Sym.-octahydrophenanthrene and 2a,3,4,5-tetrahydroacenaphthene exhibited moderate activity. Tetralin and the four methyltetralin isomers were found to be unreactive under the coal liquefaction conditions employed. 相似文献
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The performance of three different models, which simulate changes in the inorganic N content of the soil, was evaluated in respect of their ability to predict Nmin content in the spring under cereal crops. The models of British, Dutch and German origin, were tested using data from farmers' fields supplied by 70 farmers over two growing seasons in FRG. The models were run between harvest of the previous crop and spring of the following year, and predictions of Nmin in the spring compared to soil measurements. The performance of the models was assessed by counting the number of cases in which predictions agreed within 10 or 20 kg (N) ha–1 of the measurements. Predictions were less than ± 10 kg (N) ha–1 of measured values in only 30–44% and 28–55% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions were less than ± 20 kg (N) ha–1 of measured values in 62–70% and 68–82% of cases in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Predictions in 1989 were better because the initial Nmin content in the autumn was included in the model input. None of the models tested had been designed to use input data of the type available to farmers. It is concluded that, at present, the results are too variable for any of the models to be used with confidence as tools to aid in N fertilizer recommendations. 相似文献
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Ernst Hofmann Hendrik C. Kuhlmann 《International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer》2012,55(25-26):7686-7697
The coupled heat- and mass-transfer of the absorbing falling film is considered in the flat-film approximation. We study the influence of the operating conditions on the absorption efficiency in a fully non-dimensional framework and find an optimal Reynolds number, which can be interpreted as an optimal film thickness. We also test various thermal wall boundary conditions to select the best approximation compared to a realistic test case. 相似文献
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Filip Tintchev Uwe Kuhlmann Hainer Wackerbarth Stefan Töpfl Volker Heinz Dietrich Knorr Peter Hildebrandt 《Food chemistry》2009
Non-thermal food preservation technology is based on the application of high pressures up to 600 MPa. Here we report a resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopic analysis of smoked salmon meat after high pressure processing. High quality spectra, which can be obtained even from packed salmon without spectral interference of the packing foil, allow determining pressure-dependent irreversible changes of the main RR-active components of salmon meat, astaxanthin and myoglobin/haemoglobin. High pressure-treatment causes a decrease of the relative RR intensities of astaxanthin as probed with 514 nm excitation which is in line with a slight attenuation of the originally intense red colour of the salmon meat. 413-nm excited RR spectra indicate a heterogeneous broadening of astaxanthin bands accompanied by the formation of deoxy-myoglobin or deoxy-haemoglobin. The results suggest that pressure-treatment facilitates the oxidative degradation of astaxanthin coupled to the reduction of metmyoglobin (methaemoglobin). 相似文献
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C.?HenselowskyEmail author H.?C.?Kuhlmann H.?J.?Rath 《Microgravity science and technology》2002,13(3):43-51
Electrically heated cylindrical wires are used in research and industry for fluid velocity and turbulence measurements. At very low free-stream velocities (u≤0.1 m/s), hot-wire measurements are significantly influenced by buoyant convection. Below a certain Reynolds number Re* this effect degrades the accuracy of the measurements. To assess the contribution of free-convection heat transfer to the heat balance of hot-wires in cross flow, measurements under normal gravity and microgravity (µg) conditions are compared keeping all other parameters constant. Under gravity conditions, the acceleration of gravity, the hot-wire axis and the direction of the free stream are all perpendicular to each other. The microgravity experiments were carried out in the Drop-Tower Bremen in which the residual acceleration is less than 10?5 g during a period of 4.7 s. The present investigation is concerned with a velocity range of 0≤u≤0.35 m/s corresponding to a Reynolds number range Re<0.1 in standard air. This range includes pure free convection for Re→0 and forced-convection-dominated heat transfer for Re=0.1. At intermediate Reynolds numbers both transport mechanisms must be considered. 相似文献
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C. Baumann J. Kuhlmann und J. Großfeld 《Zeitschrift für Lebensmitteluntersuchung und -Forschung A》1926,51(1-2):27-31
Ohne Zusammenfassung 相似文献
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