The Mayo Clinic-Canadian Cooperative trial of sulfasalazine in active multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether sulfasalazine is better than placebo in slowing disability progression in MS. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase III trial, 199 patients with active relapsing-remitting (n = 151) or progressive (n = 48) MS were evaluated at 3-month intervals for a minimum of 3 years (94% completed 3 years of follow-up; mean follow-up, 3.7 years). MRI studies were performed at 6-month intervals on a subset of 89 patients. RESULTS: Sulfasalazine failed to slow or prevent disability progression as measured by the primary outcome (confirmed worsening of the Expanded Disability Status Scale [EDSS] score by at least 1.0 point on two consecutive 3-month visits). Sulfasalazine influenced favorably a number of secondary outcomes during the first 18 months of the trial (e.g., annualized relapse rate, proportion of relapse-free patients; progressive subgroup only: rate of EDSS progression at 1 and 2 years, median time to EDSS progression) but these positive findings were not sustained into the second half of the trial. CONCLUSIONS: Sulfasalazine does not prevent EDSS score progression in the subset of MS patients studied by this protocol. Treatments may improve relapse-related outcomes in MS, at least temporarily, without providing sustained slowing of EDSS progression. Phase III MS trials should be of sufficient length to determine a meaningful impact on disease course.     

Successful engraftment of T-cell-depleted haploidentical "three-loci" incompatible transplants in leukemia patients by addition of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells to bone marrow inoculum

Patients who undergo transplantation with haploidentical "three-loci" mismatched T-cell-depleted bone marrow (BM) are at high risk for graft failure. To overcome the host-versus-graft barrier, we increased the size of the graft inoculum, which has been shown to be a major factor in controlling both immune rejection and stem cell competition in murine models. Seventeen patients (mean age, 23.2 years; range, 6 to 51 years) with end-stage chemoresistant leukemia were received transplants of a combination of BM with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood progenitor cells from HLA-haploidentical "three-loci" incompatible family members. The average concentration of colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage in the final inoculum was sevenfold to 10-fold greater than that found in BM alone. The sole graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis consisted of T-cell depletion of the graft by the soybean agglutination and E-rosetting technique. The conditioning regimen included total body irradiation in a single fraction at a fast dose rate, antithymocyte globulin, cyclophosphamide and thiotepa to provide both immunosuppression and myeloablation. One patient rejected the graft and the other 16 had early and sustained full donor-type engraftment. One patient who received a much greater quantity of T lymphocytes than any other patient died from grade IV acute GVHD. There were no other cases of GVHD > or = grade II. Nine patients died from transplant-related toxicity, 2 relapsed, and 6 patients are alive and event-free at a median follow-up of 230 days (range, 100 to 485 days). Our results show that a highly immunosuppressive and myeloablative conditioning followed by transplantation of a large number of stem cells depleted of T lymphocytes by soybean agglutination and E-rosetting technique has made transplantation of three HLA-antigen disparate grafts possible, with only rare cases of GVHD.     

波浪任意入射角时堤后海岸冲淤问题的数值模拟

本文研究了一般情况下防波堤后岸线的演化，采用有限差分方法建立了岸线冲淤的数值模型。求得了数值解，特例与文献[1]的解析解进行了比较，结果一致。     

选区激光熔化用高强合金钢粉末制备及其成形性研究

目的 研究真空感应熔炼气雾化法(VIGA)制备球形24CrNiMoY高强钢粉末并验证其激光3D打印性能。方法 阐明不同雾化气压对粉末形貌、流动性等粉体特征的影响,分析选区激光熔化技术快速成形合金钢样品的微观组织和力学性能。结果 在9.0 MPa雾化气压下制备的粉末球形度最佳,粉末松装密度达到4.89 g/cm³,流动性能为21.4 s/(50 g),粉末含氧量0.023%,空心球率＜3%,粉末的微观组织主要是马氏体。经过激光工艺参数调控,SLM成形合金钢试样的激光熔池内存在两个明显不同的微区:激光熔化区(LMZ)和热影响区(HAZ)。LMZ主要是马氏体组织,HAZ主要为下贝氏体组织。合金钢试样的平均显微硬度为(402±5.7)HV0.2,其抗拉强度达到(1 246±12) MPa,断后伸长率为(11.6±0.5)%。结论 VIGA方法制备的 24CrNiMoY高强钢粉末满足SLM技术使用要求,具有良好的激光3D打印成形性。     

镁合金压铸技术的研究现状与发展动向

介绍了国内外镁合金压铸技术在压铸设备及工艺上的发展现状及典型应用实例.概括了镁合金压铸技术与其他合金压铸的区别,对近20年镁合金压铸技术在压铸工艺上的研究状况进行了分析.指出了镁合金压铸技术的发展动向及我们的对策.     

Polymer hybrids from self‐emulsified PU anionomer and water‐reducible acrylate copolymer via a postcuring reaction

Water‐reducible acrylate copolymer is obtained from a free‐radical copolymerization of n‐butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, and methacrylic acid. Self‐emulsified aqueous‐based polyurethane (PU) anionomer is prepared by the conventional method. The latent curing agents (di‐ and triaziridinyl compounds, HDDA‐AZ and TMPTA‐AZ) are synthesized from the reaction of aziridine with hexandiol diacrylate and trimethylolpropane triacrylate, respectively. These two polymers and the latent curing agent are miscible in each other and become a single component and self‐curable polymer dispersion. The carboxyl ions of polymers not only stabilize the aqueous polymer dispersions but also serve the curing site toward latent curing agent in the drying process. These two polymers blend with a curing agent, which results in new polymer hybrid formation. These polymer hybrids have the improvements on performance properties and the cost/performance benefits. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 3578–3587, 2003     

Turn-on jitter of zero-biased nearly single-mode VCSEL's

The turn-on jitter of zero-biased nearly single-mode vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL's) is experimentally investigated. Since during the turn-on event both the dominant and the suppressed polarization are exited, an analytical expression describing the probability density function of the turn-on delay for a single-mode VCSEL is derived, which accounts for both polarizations. The measurement results and the theory are in good agreement as long as the VCSEL is transversal single-mode     

Single component self‐curable aqueous‐based PU system with new aziridinyl curing agent

The self‐emulsified aqueous‐based polyurethane (PU) consists of carboxyl group, which is an ionic center not only stabilizing the aqueous polymer dispersion but also serving as the curing site toward aziridinyl curing agent. Two new aziridinyl curing agents, HDI‐AZ and ADA‐AZ, are prepared from an addition reaction of aziridine to hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) and adipic acyl chloride (ADA), respectively. These curing agents are added separately into NCO‐terminated PU prepolymer before or after the water dispersion process. The resulting PU dispersion becomes a single component self‐curable aqueous‐based PU system. The cured PU is obtained from this single component PU dispersion on drying at ambient temperature. The improved PU properties demonstrate the feasibility of this convenient single component self‐curable aqueous‐based PU system. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91:1997–2007, 2004