嵌入式软件的覆盖测试

覆盖测试是检验嵌入式软件功能结构正确性以及查找问题的重要方法和手段。纯粹的人工测试工作量大、操作不方便、周期长,需要借助一定的工具才能取得较好的效果。使用测试工具LDRA Testbed进行了覆盖率测试,达到了一定的语句、分支以及LCSAJ覆盖率。测试过程说明了该工具能够有效获取被测软件的动态覆盖率信息,评价测试用例的完整性,并有针对性地补充测试用例,进而提高软件测试的覆盖率,帮助决定何时终止软件测试。     

基于TinyOS的无线传感器网络LEACH算法的改进

LEACH协议是无线传感器网络中最流行的分簇路由协议之一.针对LEACH算法簇分布不均匀以及网络能耗不均衡等问题提出了一种高效节能多跳路由算法.在簇建立阶段,新算法根据网络模型计算出最优簇头间距值,调整节点通信半径以控制簇的大小,形成合理网络拓扑结构;在数据传输阶段,簇头与基站之间采用多跳的通信方式,降低了节点能耗.在TinyOS操作系统下,使用nesC语言设计实现了LEACH-EEMH算法.基于TOSSIM平台的仿真结果表明,新算法较LEACH算法在均衡网络能耗、延长网络寿命方面具有显著优势.     

Co(II) Catalyzed Solvent Free Auto-Oxidation of Methylbenzenes to Substituted Benzoic Acids Under Phase Transfer Conditions

A novel methodology for the solvent free auto-oxidation of methylbenzenes under mild conditions is disclosed. The new scheme is based on a combination of metallic salt (cobalt chloride) and a quaternary ammonium phase transfer catalyst (didecyldimethylammonium bromide) which together form a complex soluble catalyst in the organic phase. Major reaction parameters are studied and optimized and the procedure is applied for the conversion of several substituted toluenes to the corresponding benzoic acids in excellent isolated yields.     

双歧杆菌活菌颗粒制剂对小鼠肠道菌群的调节作用

双歧杆菌是得到广泛公认的益生菌。它除了能合成多种维生素外,还能在人体肠道内形成一个生物学屏障,有效地抑制、阻止致病菌和条件致病菌在肠道中入侵和定植,从而调整与改善人体肠道中的微生态环境,达到调理肠胃,增强免疫功能,抑制肿瘤和延缓衰老的效果。由于益生菌的特殊生理作用,使国内外医学界纷纷尝试应用益生菌制作保健品。目前,国内对双歧杆菌的基础性研究和活菌制剂的开发都十分活跃,其生物制剂已应用于临床治疗。含双歧杆菌活菌的保健品也深受群众的喜爱。本文观察了保健食品“某双歧杆菌活菌颗粒剂”对小鼠胃肠道菌的调节作用,报告…     

锅炉单冲量给水调节器设计￣[1]的改进

在大型锅炉汽包水位控制过程中，当蒸汽流量或给水流量突然变化时，会产生严重的虚假水位现象，本文把Ｓｍｉｔｈ预估控制形式应用到给水流量反馈和蒸汽流量前馈中来补偿系统的非最小相位特性，另外把ＰＩ调节器拆分成Ｐ调节器和Ｉ调节器，并使反馈和前馈不进入Ｉ调节器，来消除稳态误差，整个控制系统结构简单，仿真结果表明，它具有良好的控制效果和很强的鲁棒性。     

Palladium/Carbon Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer Reactions using Magnesium/Water as Hydrogen Donor

Results on nonlinear phenomenon (NLP) in the liquid phase hydrogenation of methyl benzoylformate (MBF) and pyruvaldehyde dimethyl acetal (PA) on chiral Pt-cinchona catalyst are reported for the first time (enantiomeric excess 90–95%). The new data support the conclusions of the NLP studies on ethyl pyruvate (EP) and ketopantolactone (KPL). Namely, the order of the adsorption strengths of the parent cinchona alkaloids are: CD > CN > QN ~ QD and the results of the NLP measurements indirectly verify the so-called 1:1 model of enantioselection. The new data, however, call attention to a new, substrate and modifier dependent phenomenon, which necessitates further experiments for a better understanding of the mechanism of the Orito reaction.     

Adaptive directed evolved NSGA2 based node placement optimization for wireless sensor networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) is a wireless network composed of a large number of static or mobile sensors in a self-organizing and multi-hop manner. In WSN research, node placement is one of the basic problems. In view of the coverage, energy consumption and the distance of node movement, an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on NSGA2 is proposed in this paper. The proposed algorithm is used to optimize the node placement of WSN. The proposed algorithm can optimize both the node coverage and lifetime of WSN while also considering the moving distance of nodes, so as to optimize the node placement of WSN. The experiments show that the improved NSGA2 has improvements in both searching performance and convergence speed when solving the node placement problem.

     

基于改进密度峰值聚类算法的轨迹行为分析

为了深入挖掘校园无线网络轨迹行为数据信息,采用基于密度的聚类方法对校园内用户的轨迹行为进行特征聚类。由于基于密度的聚类算法通常采用距离作为相似性度量方式,为了有效衔接此类聚类算法,先将用户相似度矩阵通过转换函数转变为距离矩阵。引入离群点检测算法,将离群点检测算法与聚类算法相结合,减少参数的输入个数,增加聚类的聚合程度。改进后的聚类算法可以有效检测出数据轨迹的异常,帮助高校通过对学生上网记录的处理找到浏览信息与大部分同学不一致的人,缩小目标范围,进行有针对性的处理。通过定性分析和实验对比验证,确定两种基于离群点检测的共享最近邻的快速搜索密度峰值聚类适用于校园无线网络行为轨迹相似度矩阵的处理,邓恩指数等聚类内部指标及整体性能优于同类算法。     

Inferential estimation of molecular weights of polybutadiene rubber by neural networks

Molecular weight distribution, which is characterized by its averages like number average (Mn) and weight average (Mw), is one of the important properties of polybutadiene rubber (PBR), and it is difficult to measure. The objective of this work is to develop models to predict Mn and Mw from readily available process variables. Neural networks that are capable of mapping highly complex and non‐linear dependencies have been adapted to develop models for the Mn and Mw of PBR. The molecular weight distribution and its averages of PBR samples collected over a wide range of operating conditions were measured by the conventional Gel Permeable Chromatograph (GPC) method. Neural networks were trained with relevant data to predict Mn and Mw from process variables. The trained networks were found to generalize well when tested with new data. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 96: 1611–1618, 2005     

Sintered electrospun poly(ɛ-caprolactone)–poly(ethylene terephthalate) for drug delivery

Electrospinning has the inherent advantage of being able to achieve molecular mixing of polymers having substantially different melting points. Electrospun poly(ɛ-caprolactone)–poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PCL:PET) capsules are densified by sintering to enable drug encapsulation. Proton and diffusive nuclear magnetic resonance, as well as a selective dissolution, suggest an absence of reaction between the two polymers. Sintering at 100 °C successfully densifies 88.89:11.11 and 75:25 PCL:PET blends. Following sintering, the otherwise dense 75:25 composition retains electrospun features and exhibits some “memory” of its previous state. Sintering increases UTS approximately eightfold versus as-spun values for 88.89:11.11 and 75:25. Elongation increases sixfold and twofold and modulus 44- and 69-fold for the 75:25 and 88.89:11.11 samples, respectively. Differential scanning calorimetry suggests a postsintering structure of nanoscale PET dispersed in PCL along the original fiber directions. Selective PCL removal from dense blends shows that fibrous characteristics remain. An internal shish–kebab-like structure is also present in as-spun 75:25 PCL:PET. Water absorption of hydrophobic oil-containing capsules is approximately zero after 49 days. In contrast, hydrophilic (HPI) oils allow substantial water uptake. Unsurprisingly, there is no release of a model drug from the hydrophobic carrier. HPI oil provides linear (zero-order) release inversely proportional to PET from the 88.89:11.11 and 75:25 ratios. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47731.