Multi-Zone-Wise Blockchain Based Intrusion Detection and Prevention System for IoT Environment

Blockchain merges technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) for addressing security and privacy-related issues. However, conventional blockchain suffers from scalability issues due to its linear structure, which increases the storage overhead, and Intrusion detection performed was limited with attack severity, leading to performance degradation. To overcome these issues, we proposed MZWB (Multi-Zone-Wise Blockchain) model. Initially, all the authenticated IoT nodes in the network ensure their legitimacy by using the Enhanced Blowfish Algorithm (EBA), considering several metrics. Then, the legitimately considered nodes for network construction for managing the network using Bayesian-Direct Acyclic Graph (B-DAG), which considers several metrics. The intrusion detection is performed based on two tiers. In the first tier, a Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) analyzes the data packets by extracting packet flow features to classify the packets as normal, malicious, and suspicious. In the second tier, the suspicious packets are classified as normal or malicious using the Generative Adversarial Network (GAN). Finally, intrusion scenario performed reconstruction to reduce the severity of attacks in which Improved Monkey Optimization (IMO) is used for attack path discovery by considering several metrics, and the Graph cut utilized algorithm for attack scenario reconstruction (ASR). UNSW-NB15 and BoT-IoT utilized datasets for the MZWB method simulated using a Network simulator (NS-3.26). Compared with previous performance metrics such as energy consumption, storage overhead accuracy, response time, attack detection rate, precision, recall, and F-measure. The simulation result shows that the proposed MZWB method achieves high performance than existing works     

Performance enhancement of the DSRC system using frequency-domain equalization for 5.9 GHz DSRC applications

This paper proposes the use of equalization concepts in frequency domain that exploit the frequency domain channel matrix to combat inter-carrier interference (ICI) instead of inter-symbol interference (ISI) in 5.9 GHz Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) systems. The physical layer (PHY) of DSRC is currently being developed by work group of IEEE 802.11p. The conventional system currently assumes static channel characteristics. Channel tracking schemes were investigated and the Viterbi-aided channel estimation scheme was proposed for DSRC systems that did not explicitly exploit the ICI components caused by the time-varying channels. The performance of the DSRC system is investigated for a time-varying channel using a conventional DSRC model, a decision-directed (Viterbi-aided) channel estimation model, and the frequency-domain equalization design. It is shown that the DSRC system with the frequency-domain equalization achieves a considerable performance enhancement compared to both the conventional and the Viterbi-aided channel estimation schemes in terms of both packet error rate (PER) and bit error rate (BER) at relatively high and low velocities.     

Coherent optical communication systems based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing

Coherent optical orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (CO-OFDM) is considered as a key solution for long haul optical fiber communication systems thanks to its high spectral efficiency and robustness against chromatic dispersion. We have investigated a CO-OFDM based on quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK)-OFDM and 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (16QAM)-OFDM over 500 km uncompensated fiber links. The simulation results show that the proposed system is a promising solution to meet the aggregate data rate demands cost effectively in future high-speed optical communication systems.     

Nouvelle expression temporelle de ľimpédance interne des conducteurs à section rectangulaire

In this paper, a new time domain internal impedance formula for characterizing the skin effect in interconnects of rectangular cross section is proposed. The comparison with the simulation results of a method involving frequency domain exact formula validates the present model and illustrates its accuracy. We have also shown the lack of precision of the formulations based on conductor losses varying as √ f In order to predict the responses of lossy planar transmission lines, the used methods are the time domain — frequency domain transformation (tdfd) and the finite difference time domain algorithm (fdtd). Theses techniques of analysis are applied to the mtl equations under quasi — tem approximation.     

Development of a Froth Flotation Process for Recovery of Used Emulsifiable Oil

The separation behavior of the lubricating oil from wastewater was studied using the technique; electroflotation. The optimum conditions for oil flotation were determined and the results were discussed according to a kinetic model. Further, the surface properties of the cationic collector were investigated. Cement kiln dust was used as an adsorbent applied to the flotation solution to investigate the kinetic and the adsorption equilibrium involved. According to the adsorption isotherm of the oil on the kiln dust, the optimum conditions for oil separation was suggested.     

Effectiveness of Rectal Insulin Suppositories Containing Sodium Cholate in Normal and Insulin Dependent Diabetic Subjects

The effectiveness of 100-U porcine insulin suppository containing 5% sodium cholate was examined in 3 normal volunteers (controls) and 15 diabetics. The hypoglycaemic response, in controls, started at 15 min, peaked at 30 min and returned to the initial level after 45 min, while in diabetics, started at 15 min, peaked at 120 min and persisted for the duration of the study (150 min). The maximum percent reduction in plasma glucose was found to be significantly greater in controls than in diabetics, while the AUC for percent glucose reduction was greater in diabetics than in controls. This was accompanied by a significant rise in serum insulin in controls than in diabetics. The serum insulin peaked at 15 min and remained above the initial value for 45 and 120 min, post administration, in controls and diabetics, respectively. Thus, rectal insulin could be considered as alternative to existing therapies.     

Few-mode ring core fiber characteristics: temperature impact

Photonic Network Communications - In this paper, a novel fiber is proposed to support few linearly polarized (LP) modes, with the feature of a circular ring-shaped core filled by liquid. This fiber...     

Reconfigurable simulator using graphical user interface (GUI) and object-oriented design for OFDM systems

In this paper, a design of a new object-oriented simulation environment and graphical user interface (GUI) for versatile orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems is presented. This is achieved using high-level design, parallelism and usability for the simulation environment. GUI interface can serve as a learning/research tool for students or practiced professionals to investigate particular designs. It is evident that OFDM systems intended to be used in dynamic environments must be tested under various conditions in order to be designed for optimality. Hence, a simulation design is proposed coupling the GUI, parallelism, and high-level object-oriented design techniques to be beneficial to the researcher. A high-level design and GUI layouts of the proposed simulator is shown in details. Important OFDM parameters needed for reconfiguration of transmitter components, channel condition parameters, and receiver components are discussed. In addition, this paper provides a simple technique to implement simulation partitioning for increased parallel performance of reconfigurable object-oriented OFDM simulators. This simple technique applies to scenarios where there is disproportionate simulation duration between different OFDM configurations. It is shown to decrease total simulation time considerably.     

Une méthode ďétude des lignes de transmission dans un milieu non homogène multicouche en présence ďun champ électromagnétique externe

A new simple time-domain method for simulating the coupling between an electromagnetic plane wave and a planar transmission line in a multilayered inhomogeneous medium is proposed. The approach is based upon the modified telegrapher’s equations. The originality of this approach comes from the fact that the calculation of the distributed sources takes into account the electromagnetic field in each layer. The calculation of this field in the multilayered medium is performed by means of the physical optic concept. A finite difference time domain (FDTD) algorithm is used to solve the transmission line equations. The comparison between our results and other theoretical and measured results validates the proposed simulation approach. It has also been demonstrated that neglecting the effect of inhomogeneous medium results in erroneous simulations.