Dependence of spall strength of metals on the amplitude of a shock-wave load

Arzamas. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 94–98, January–February, 1992.     

Scale effect in high-rate (spall) failure

Experimental results on the spall strength of copper in which the scale of the system was changed by a factor of ten show that the scale effect for high-rate one-dimensional strain depends on energy. The spall energy per unit surface area for failure increases with time. Arzamas-16. Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 29, No. 6, pp. 88–93, November–December, 1993.     

Strength of Some Grades of Steel and Armco Iron under Shock Compression and Rarefaction at Pressures of 2 – 200 GPa

This paper reports results from a comparative experimental study of the dynamic strength of St. 20 and 09G2S steels (which are of interest as structural materials for the loadbearing casings of explosionproof chambers) under shock compression and tension (spalling) at shockfront pressures of 1–5 GPa and strain rates of 10³ – 10⁴ sec^-1. A comparative analysis is performed of the obtained and available data on the dynamic yield point and spall strength of St. 3, St. 20, 09G2S, 12Kh18N10T, ÉI712, 30KhGSA, 36NKhTYu, KhVG, and 35Kh3NM steels and armco iron, whose strengths and ductilities under static loading conditions differ by a factor of up to five. Experiments are described in which spheres of St. 3, St. 20, 12Kh18N10T, and 30KhGSA steels with markedly different strengths and ductilities are loaded by a convergent quasispherical shock wave with a pressure at the center of 200 GPa and a strain rate of 10⁵sec^-1.     

Monitoring Radioactive Aerosols in the Object “Cover”

The results of an investigation of aerosols in the rooms of the object Cover at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant in November–December 2000 are presented. Using packets of Petryanov three-layer filtering materials, the dynamics of the volume activity of the products of the accident in the No. 4 unit and the daughter products of radon and thoron is traced, and the size of the carrier particles in room 207/5 is determined. It is shown that the ¹³⁷Cs concentration varied from 0.2 to 20 Bq/m³. The median aerodynamic diameter of carrier particles ranged from 0.5 to 6 m for ¹³⁷Cs and from 0.08 to 0.8 m for the daughter products of radon. The sources of the coarsely dispersed cesium aerosols at maximum concentration were determined in both cases.     

Double-supply-frequency pressure pulsation in annular linear induction pump: Part I: Measurement and numerical analysis

This paper describes an experimental and analytical study of double-supply-frequency pressure pulsation arising in an annular linear induction pump. In a large-scale induction pump, it is known that the supply frequency should be relatively low in order to satisfy a magnetohydrodynamic stability criterion. Under such a low supply frequency, however, double-supply-frequency pressure and flow rate pulsation generated in an induction pump may be of concern. The experimental data obtained in the present work shows that the amplitude of the pressure pulsation increases with decreasing supply frequency, number of poles and/or slip. The numerical result reveals that the pressure pulsation comes from a disturbance of the electromagnetic force near the stator ends.     

Linear electron accelerators for industry and medicine

Linear accelerators are described together with accelerator systems based on them, which have been designed and produced in the linear-accelerator and cyclotron division at the D. V. Efremov Fundamental Electron Applications Research Institute. Brief information is given on future developments in resonant linear accelerators and systems based on them. D. V. Efremov Fundamental Electron Applications Research Institute. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 87, No. 2, pp. 145–151, August, 1999.     

Adsorption of hydrogen and methane by carbon foam based on carbonized polyamide fibres

Carbon foam based on carbonized polyamide fibres with palladium was modified. The carbon foam modified with palladium can adsorb hydrogen and methane under pressure and desorb then on heating. The possibility of using palladium-modified fibres as a solid support for reversible storage of hydrogen and methane was demonstrated. __________ Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 21–23, November–December, 2007.