Heat Transfer to Aqueous Glycol Solutions in Pulse-Superheated States

High Temperature - In experiments on the controlled pulsed heating of a substance, the heat transfer to aqueous glycols and propylene glycols solutions was compared in the full range of...     

Estimating aperture efficiency

It is shown that for a wide class of aperture distributions, the aperture efficiency can be related to the ratio between the beamwidth of this distribution and that of the uniform one. A heuristic rule for estimating the aperture efficiency of elliptic and rectangular tapered apertures is introduced. It is shown that, if the beamwidth is given (i.e., the aperture size is unconstrained), the maximum directivity is provided by a tapered, rather than uniform amplitude distribution.     

Phase synthesis of antennas for a given radiation pattern in oneplane using piecewise linear aperture phase distribution

A phase-only method for the synthesis of planar aperture antennas for a given complex radiation pattern in one plane is reported. The problem is reduced to determining an appropriate aperture phase distribution in the form of a ruled function and solved for apertures with rectangular shape and an arbitrary amplitude distribution and for apertures of arbitrary shape and amplitude distribution. This method can be used for controlling the pattern of phased-array antennas. Results of computer modeling are presented     

Functionalized Fullerene for Inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 Variants

As virus outbreaks continue to pose a challenge, a nonspecific viral inhibitor can provide significant benefits, especially against respiratory viruses. Polyglycerol sulfates recently emerge as promising agents that mediate interactions between cells and viruses through electrostatics, leading to virus inhibition. Similarly, hydrophobic C₆₀ fullerene can prevent virus infection via interactions with hydrophobic cavities of surface proteins. Here, two strategies are combined to inhibit infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants in vitro. Effective inhibitory concentrations in the millimolar range highlight the significance of bare fullerene's hydrophobic moiety and electrostatic interactions of polysulfates with surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, microscale thermophoresis measurements support that fullerene linear polyglycerol sulfates interact with the SARS-CoV-2 virus via its spike protein, and highlight importance of electrostatic interactions within it. All-atom molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the fullerene binding site is situated close to the receptor binding domain, within 4 nm of polyglycerol sulfate binding sites, feasibly allowing both portions of the material to interact simultaneously.