On Heating and Relaxation of the Electron—Hole-Gas Energy in the Track of a Primary Recoil Atom

Semiconductors - On the basis of the Monte Carlo algorithm, a method for calculating the energy spectrum of hot nonequilibrium electrons and holes in the track of a primary recoil atom after being...     

Reducing the edge deformation of thin electrical steel sheet

The edge deformation of cold-rolled electrical-steel sheet in finishing is studied, as well as the change in flatness of the sheet in rolling and heat treatment. The influence of these processes on the edge deformation is determined. The edge deformation is largely due to thermal deformation occurring when coils of strip are heated in cupola furnaces. Quantitative analysis indicates that the thermal deformation is due to the temperature gradients in the coils. Cold-rolling conditions that minimize edge deformation are proposed and tested.     

Statistical characteristics of the collective dose

A statistical approach for estimating the yearly effective collective dose is proposed. The distribution law for the collective dose is proposed on the basis of the assumption that the distributions of the number of people in the controlled group and the individual irradiation dose are random. It is shown that the distribution law for the collective dose has a quasiexponential form and is characterized by an average value and a variance. It is shown for a statistical analysis of the multiyear data from individual dosimetric monitoring of workers at the Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association Radon that the hypothesis advanced is consistent with observations. Practical recommendations are given for calculating collective dose statistics. 3 figures. 8 references. Moscow Scientific and Industrial Association Radon. Translated from Atomnaya énergiya, Vol. 88, No. 3, pp. 213–217, March, 2000.     

Macrostructural preparation and sintering of batch

Physical analysis suggests an integral sintering characteristic K _si, which may be used not only to assess batch preparation at a particular plant, since it includes the structural characteristics of the granules and the batch bed, but also for the analysis and optimization of sinter production.     

Strength of briquettes in relation to compaction pressure with variable linear dimensions of particles and moisture content

On the basis of experimental data for briquetting of oxidized nickel ore with a clay component mathematical models have been developed taking account of all forms of particle interaction. These equations may be used in predicting the strength of artificial structures (briquettes) prepared from fine materials. The mathematical models developed connecting factors of processed material properties with compaction parameters promote to a considerable extent solutions for questions of controlling preparation of fine materials before the widespread method of caking, i.e. briquetting. Strength formation for artificial structures is a complex process whose control may be accomplished in different production stages. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 8, pp. 31–36, August, 2007 This communication is a development of the previous one: L. I. Polyanskii, V. P. Puzanov, and V. A. Kobelev, “Mathematical model of the strength of briquettes in relation to material brittleness and moisture content,” Novye Ogneupory, No. 4, 44–50 (2007).     

Effect of trivalent and pentavalent arsenic on early developmental stages of the chick embryo

The structural element of an eukaryotic chromosome is the so-called chromatin fibre. It is a DNA-protein complex of about 100-200 A thickness and most probably running through from one end of a chromatid to the other. The fine structure of this DNA-protein fibre suggests a core of globular histone subunits around which the DNA-molecule is wound. The single strandedness of chromatids is suggested by the structure of premature condensed chromosomes. The course G-banding seen in metaphase chromosomes is presumably caused by groups of much finer bands seen in decondensed chromosomes. The number of such fine bands in the human genome is estimated to be 10 000-100 000, figures which are in the range of the number of genes in man.     

Analysis of the Effect of Spacer Layers on Nonlinear Distortions of the Current–Voltage Characteristics of GaAlAs/InGaAs pHEMTs

Semiconductors - The paper presents the results of modeling the electrophysical parameters of AlGaAs/InGaAs/GaAs pseudomorphic high electron mobility transistor (pHEMT) structures via...     

Granulation of sintering batch in drum units and plate granulators

At OAO Novolipetskii Metallurgicheskii Kombinat (NLMK), the introduction of a rotating granulation drum in combination with a plate granulator is considered, so as to improve sinter production on an AKM-312 machine.     

Comparison of the Radiation Resistance of Prospective Bipolar and Heterobipolar Transistors

Semiconductors - Approaches to solving the problem of the development of efficient bipolar and heterobipolar transistors operating at radio- and ultrahigh frequencies (0.1–10 GHz), which...