Synthesis and chain flexibility of poly(cyclohexylethyl methacrylate)

The synthesis and characterization of fractions of poly(cyclohexylethyl methacrylate) (PCHEM) are reported. A combination of low-angle laser light scattering and intrinsic viscosity experiments was employed to estimate the characteristic ratio (C_∞) of this polymer. The value of 10.7 obtained for PCHEM is similar to the value of 11.3 found previously for poly(phenylethyl methacrylate) but is smaller than values measured for poly(cyclohexyl methacrylate) and poly(cyclohexylmethyl methacrylate) (C_∞ = 11.6 and 11.9, respectively). Received: 28 October 1996/Revised: 16 December 1996/Accepted: 19 December 1996     

Correcting the geometry and color of digital images

A unified method for correcting the geometry and color of digital images is presented. The method uses a color chart with a prearranged array of known color patches. Using the true geometry and color of the chart and geometry and color of the image of the chart, transformation functions that describe the geometry and color characteristics of the camera are determined. The transformation functions are then used to correct the geometry and color of obtained images. Experimental results of the proposed method on images acquired under different scene illuminations and camera settings are presented and evaluated     

Israel's cable TV and pay TV — on the way to becoming a reality

Israel's cable TV plans are among the most comprehensive of any country. This paper reviews the progress to date, and details the technical specifications and administrative co-ordination involved in such a major enterprise.     

Hepatic resection for metastatic colorectal cancer

One-hundred thirty-one primary hepatic resection for colorectal secondary tumors were performed at Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center between 1975 and 1993. Perioperative mortality occurred in five patients (3.8%). Twenty-three patients had minor morbidities (18%); major morbidity occurred only in the five patients who died. Curative resections were performed in 107 patients. Overall actuarial survival at 2, 3, and 5 years was 62, 42, and 25 per cent, respectively. Patients with extrahepatic disease (5-year survival, 0% vs 27%; P = 0.049) and positive resection margins (0% vs 30%; P < 0.001) had significantly poorer survival. Among the curative resections, patients who had metachronous hepatic resections did significantly better than those who underwent synchronous colon and hepatic resections (35% vs 13%; P = 0.002). This survival benefit persisted when comparison was restricted to patients with synchronous metastases. Age, sex, race, number of lesions, site of colon primary resection, blood transfusion, disease-free interval, and extent of resection had no effect on survival. All patients who are acceptable surgical risks with potentially resectable metastatic colorectal cancer confined to the liver should undergo exploration. Assessment of resectability should include intraoperative ultrasound in all patients to maximize the probability of tumor clearance.     

Endocrine control of energy metabolism in the cow: correlations of hormones and metabolites in high and low yielding cows for stages of lactation

Measures of hormones and metabolites in blood plasma of high and low yielding cattle matched for diet and stage of lactation were investigated for relationships between milk yield, body weight, and concentrations of hormones (prolactin, growth hormone, insulin, and thyroxine) and metabolites (glucose, nonesterified fatty acids, beta-hydroxybutyric acid, and L-lactic acid) for stages of lactation. A first approach correlated total milk yields of 15 cows with average constituents during the four 24-h blood samplings through the first 27 wk of lactation. The second examined associations of changes with sampling periods in milk yield or body weight with changes in hormones and metabolites. Total milk yield of the high yielding group was correlated positively with ratios of growth hormone/thyroxine and glucose/thyroxine and correlated negatively with thyroxine. Changes in growth hormone and its ratio to insulin, and changes in yield were correlated positively for groups combined. Changes in thyroxine were correlated negatively with changes in yield. Changes in liveweight gain were related positively to insulin and lactic acid and negatively with changes in growth hormone. Changes in growth hormone were related positively to changes in nonesterified fatty acids.     

Jet penetration in plexiglas

The effect of compressibility on the penetration of a continuous jet in Plexiglas has been investigated experimentally and analytically. Cine flash radiography was used to measure the penetration velocity of a copper jet in Plexiglas. The analysis treated compressible and incompressible theory with and without using the virtual origin assumption. The form of the compressible theory used was based on the treatment described by Flis and Chou. Reasonably good agreement was obtained between the jet penetration velocities calculated using compressible theory and those determined experimentally.     

USE OF MILK CONCENTRATED BY ULTRAFILTRATION FOR MAKING HARD CHEESE,SOFT CHEESE AND YOGHURT*

Whole milk was concentrated by a factor of two by ultrafiltration. It was used directly for making Cheddar and Cheshire cheese, an unripened soft cheese of the Coulommier type, and yoghurt. The yields of hard cheese from the concentrated milk were the same as those from normal whole milk. The cheeses were acceptable though the flavour was milder than that of good quality Cheddar and Cheshire cheese. Medium fat soft cheeses were made from the concentrated milk. The yield of cheese was 41 per cent greater than that made from normal whole milk and the making time was half that of the normal process. The cheeses were consumed fresh or stored in deep freeze. For making yoghurt, the usual reinforcement with skim milk powder was not necessary as the concentrated milk had a high total solids content, nor was it necessary to homogenize the mix. The yoghurt contained 21 per cent total solids and was a very acceptable product.     

Keeping children healthy: role of the school nurse

This study was commissioned by the Department of Health to explore the contribution of nursing in keeping school children healthy. The project focused on the role of the school nurse and collected data from a range of professionals, managers, health purchasers, parents and pupils.     

Analysis of water level and land subsidence data from thorez open-pit mine,Hungary

The most important occurrence of land subsidence in Hungary caused by underground water withdrawal can be found in the NE of Hungary, in an area of open-pit mining at the foot of the Matra mountains. This paper presents the monitoring system of the underground water withdrawal, the processing method of achieving the underground water depletion and of the land subsidence as its indirect effect, as well as conclusions which can be drawn from the analysis of the observed data. The back analysis is illustrated by examples.