Structure and Biological Significance of Triacylglycerols Containing Cyclopropene Acyl Moieties

Cyclopropene fatty acids are constituents of seed lipids of various plants, including sources of edible fats, such as cottonseed and kapok. Physiological and toxicological properties of lipids containing cyclopropene acyl moieties are reviewed and the difficulties encountered in the elucidation of the structures of triacylglycerols containing cyclopropene acyl moieties are discussed. A novel method for the analysis of such triacylglycerols is presented.     

Scale-up von Destillationskolonnen

Scale-up of Distillation Columns. In spite of remarkable advances in the development of computer programs for calculations on distillation columns, it is frequently still impossible to design them without experimental testing. Economic constraints demand use of miniaturised test plant, thus enhancing the importance of laboratory measurements. A system is presented for scale-up of separation which required information from laboratory experiments, includes data from reference columns, and takes account of models of fluid dynamics and mass transfer. The special feature of this approach lies in the free choise of internals, both in the laboratory and in the designed column.     

Contributions to the evaluation of ensembles of combinational logic gates

This work presents an effective way for evaluating and validating ensembles of combinational CMOS gates and logic cell libraries. The major contributions include an innovative design methodology for such a kind of test vehicle, as well as a simple and flexible multi-operating mode circuit architecture. The resulting circuit is quite useful for cell library verification at different levels: in the EDA environment and on silicon prototyping. The proposed methodology can be applied for analysis taking into account the logic gate functionality, timing performance, power consumption and circuit operating impact of nanometer aging effects. Simulation results demonstrate the circuit operation, features and facilities described herein.     

Transfer ionization with bare 100 keV Ne10+ ions colliding with noble gas atoms

A crossed-beam coincidence time-of-flight technique has been used to measure the charge-state distribution of rare-gas recoil ions created by fully stripped Ne¹⁰⁺ projectiles which capture one electron in single collisions at 100 keV impact energy. The results of the investigation show the importance of transfer ionization as a contribution to charge-transfer processes: with increasing target atomic number the fraction of singly charged recoil ions decreases in favor of emission of additional target electrons. For xenon, recoil ion charge states up to Xe⁵⁺ have been observed.     

Influence of Flow Conditions in High‐Pressure Orifices on Droplet Disruption of Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions

Flow conditions in and behind high‐pressure orifices are described by a characteristic correlation between discharge coefficient and Reynolds number. The use of a pressure vessel and variations in viscosity allowed for non‐pulsating flow conditions from laminar to turbulent flow. Emulsions were homogenized under each condition. A considerable difference was observed in the final droplet size distribution depending on laminar, transitional, and turbulent flow. When the flow was pulsating as found when applying a plungers pump, transition of the flow from laminar to turbulence was more difficult to detect. Emulsions homogenized under these conditions indicated broader droplet size distributions. The Sauter mean diameter, however, was not affected by the pulsating flow.