Pervasive 2007: It's about the User

Pervasive computing is as much about the user as it is about the technology. So, the Fifth International Conference on Pervasive Computing emphasized desirability rather than just feasibility. Featured themes included user benefits, human-computer interaction, group and social interactions, context awareness, finding and positioning people and objects, and personal privacy.     

Creating a Student Centered Learning Environment at the University of Denver

A team of faculty members at the University of Denver changed the learning environment in key courses in the Department of Engineering from predominately teacher centered to student centered. Through this funded project new grading methods were implemented, classrooms were renovated and wired with studio layouts to facilitate learning, the Engineering Circuits Laboratory was rewired and instrumented for automated data acquisition and reporting, and two new pedagogical approaches were developed. At the onset of the project, six goals were established related to student learning. The introduction of industry standard hardware and software provided students with unprecedented hands‐on experience and project related activities stimulated faculty innovations in other current and future courses. Assessment results indicate that the new grading system improved the clarity of expectations for students before assignments were given resulting in increased reported motivation for learning in many courses. Even though course GPAs did not always reflect higher achievement on graded work, faculty members firmly believe that deeper understanding was achieved because more complex material was assimilated.     

Introduction to the special series: HIV infection among drug abusers.

Drug users are particularly at risk for contracting the human immunodeficiency virus and serve as a major mechanism for spreading the virus to other sectors of the population. As a result drug abuse treatment and potential behavioral change strategies are primary public health issues. The purpose of this article is to review the contributions included in this special edition, which represent an effort to describe the most current thinking in the field with a blend of theoretical, review, and empirical articles. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Child custody mediation and litigation: Parents' satisfaction and functioning one year after settlement.

A 1-yr follow-up study was conducted on families randomly assigned to settle custody disputes either in mediation or through adversary procedures. Consistent with Time 1 reports, at Time 2 fathers who mediated were substantially more satisfied than were fathers who litigated. Fathers who mediated also complied more with child support orders. Contrary to prediction, the greater satisfaction and compliance of fathers did not lead to increased satisfaction among mothers who mediated. In contrast to Time 1, at follow-up mothers who mediated were significantly less satisfied than were mothers who litigated, but selective attrition may account for these differences. The psychological adjustment of mothers and fathers was not significantly different between settlement groups at Time 2, but mothers in both groups reported less satisfaction with dispute settlement and less dysphoria at Time 2 than they had reported at Time 1. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Exposure plus response-prevention treatment of bulimia nervosa.

A controlled study evaluating the effectiveness of exposure plus response-prevention treatment of bulimia nervosa was conducted in a sample of 47 women. This was a four-group comparison involving three treatment conditions and a waiting-list control group. The three treatment conditions were (a) exposure plus response prevention conducted in a single setting (clinic), (b) exposure plus response prevention conducted in multiple settings (clinic, patients' homes, and restaurants), and (c) cognitive–behavioral therapy without exposure plus response prevention. All treatment was provided to groups of 3 patients at a time. Outcome was evaluated at posttreatment and at a 6-month follow-up. The three treatment groups improved significantly on most outcome measures, whereas the waiting-list control group showed little change. At follow-up, there was a slightly better outcome on vomiting behavior and amount of food consumed in one of the test meals for the exposure plus response-prevention groups relative to the no-exposure group. However, on all other measures, the degree of improvement from pretreatment to follow-up was the same for all three treatment groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Psychopathology in inpatients dependent on cocaine or alcohol and cocaine.

Assessed the differences between cocaine- and cocaine-plus-alcohol-dependent inpatients along several psychological variables. Of the 144 men that served as Ss, 113 were cocaine dependent and 31 were dependent on both cocaine and alcohol (CD-AD). CD-AD Ss showed significantly more symptoms of depression and anxiety and were more likely to have antisocial and avoidant personality disorders. The CD-AD group scored higher overall on the MMPI clinical scales. Results suggest that patients dependent on both cocaine and alcohol require increased attention to psychopathology during treatment. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

基于区域重组的异构FPGA工艺映射算法

传统异构FPGA工艺映射算法一般不打破实现专用功能和查找表功能的子网表之间的层次边界,因而缩小了映射的优化空间.为此提出一种利用区域重组打破单元间层次边界的异构FPGA工艺映射算法.首先利用贪心策略实现FPGA多单元的映射,即优先使用性能好的专用功能单元;然后利用标记锥实现子网表之间的区域重组,打破专用功能单元和查找表之间的层次边界,减小了映射结果的面积和延迟开销.实验结果表明,与公认的ABC中的工艺映射算法相比,该算法能平均减少逻辑单元面积12.2%,减少电路关键路径延时2.5%.     

粉煤灰掺量对相同浆体体积比砂浆性能的影响

为了研究粉煤灰掺量对砂浆性能的影响,采用相同浆体体积比,分别以0％、10％、20％和30％的粉煤灰掺量配制砂浆,进行强度和碳化深度对比试验.结果表明,当水胶比一定时,随粉煤灰掺量的增加,砂浆的流动性不会明显降低;早期掺粉煤灰的水泥砂浆的强度会随着粉煤灰掺量的增加而降低,但其后期强度随着龄期的增长会逐渐提高并超过未掺粉煤...