Basic-Composition Mixture for the Consumable Lining of Intermediate Ladles

Thermomechanical and chemical-ceramic properties of the PTMS basic-composition mixture for the consumable refractory lining of intermediate ladles in service at the Kombinat Magnezit Joint-Stock Co. are considered and some details of the fabrication technique are discussed. Results for the mixture tested for performance at various metallurgical plants are given. Advantages of the mixture for practical application, its microstructural characteristics in pre- and post-service conditions, and the wear behavior are discussed.     

Monitoring the composition of the Cd<Subscript>1 − <Emphasis Type="Italic">z</Emphasis></Subscript>Zn<Subscript><Emphasis Type="Italic">z</Emphasis></Subscript>Te heteroepitaxial layers by spectroscopic ellipsometry

A hardware-software complex based on a spectroscopic ellipsometer integrated into a molecular beam epitaxy installation and destined to monitor the composition of the Cd_{1 − z} Zn _z Te alloy at small values of z is described. Methodical features of determination of the composition of growing layers by the spectra of ellipsometric parameters are considered. The procedure of determination of the composition by the absorption edge that allows measuring this parameter accurate to 1.2% is developed. Problems are considered the solutions of which will allow one to increase the resolution by the composition. In particular, maintaining a stable temperature during growth is required for this purpose.     

Effect of pressure on the phase composition of Li(Na)/W/Mn/SiO2 composites and their catalytic activity for oxidative coupling of methane

The phase state of Li/W/Mn/SiO₂ and Na/W/Mn/SiO₂ composites after exposure to high pressures (2.5 GPa at 500°C) and subsequent exploitation in oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) was studied. Comparison of the catalytic activity of the composites before and after exposure to high pressures indicates that the formation of Li(Na)/W/Mn/SiO₂ composites catalytically active for OCM is significantly influenced by high pressures.     

Ellipsometric monitoring in label-free microarray biotechnologies

The surface of biochips prepared on the basis of silicon wafers for studies of reactions of pre-immobilized oligonucleotides and protein molecules was analyzed by high-resolution scanning ellipsometry. The hybridization interactions of nucleic acid (duplex formation in the reaction of an amplicon of the influenza A virus matrix protein gene with probe molecules), sorption of protein molecules, and protein-protein interactions on the surface of the biochip were detected. It was shown that pre-sorption of gold nanoparticles led to greater efficiency of immobilization of protein molecules on the biochip. The experimental data suggest that that ellipsometry is a highly sensitive, nondestructive and inexpensive label-free method for the detection of the biochip surface, which is suitable for quantitative analysis of reactions of biomolecules.     

Refractories for the Taphole of Converters

A range of refractory materials for the converter's taphole lining commercially available from the Kombinat Magnezit Joint-Stock Co. and major aspects of the processing technology are considered. The effective use of antioxidant additions is confirmed by thermal analysis. Results of operational tests of refractory materials are discussed. The advantages of an innovative design of the taphole unit composed of blocks of variable diameter and assembled on a metal template are emphasized. An economic feasibility analysis of the use of periclase-carbon taphole blocks is given. The newly designed refractory material are shown to conform with the requirements of modern converter technology.     

Integrated analytical equipment for control of film growth in MBE technology

The integrated analytical equipment has been developed for in-situ measuring growth rate and film composition by the ultra-fast ellipsometer, surface temperature by the polarization-type pyrometer and for precise control over the epitaxial processes by automatic control system. This complex was used to control the mercury cadmium telluride heteroepitaxial structure growth on GaAs substrate with various composition distributions throughout the thickness. The maintenance accuracy of Hg_1−xCd_xTe composition during growth was up to ΔX_CdTe=±0.0005. The maintenance accuracy of substrate temperature was found to be up to ±1°C.     

Multimodel approach to calculating material balances of an enterprise in the medium of intellectual data-measuring systems

Two conceptually different procedures of calculating material balances, namely graph and neurofuzzy, are compared using the example of a gold-mining factory. A multimodel approach is shown to be preferable to analyze the activity of this enterprise in the framework of a data-measuring system.