Comparator is an essential building block in many digital circuits such as biometric authentication, data sorting, and exponents comparison in floating-point architectures among others. Quantum-dot Cellular Automata (QCA) is a latest nanotechnology that overcomes the drawbacks of Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) technology. In this paper, novel area optimized 2n-bit comparator architecture is proposed. To achieve the objective, 1-bit stack-type and 4-bit tree-based stack-type (TB-ST) comparators are proposed using QCA. Then, two tree-based architectures of 4-bit comparators are arranged in two layers to optimize the number of quantum cells and area of an 8-bit comparator. Thus, this design can be extended to any 2n-bit comparator. Simulation results of 4-bit and 8-bit comparators using QCADesigner 2.0.3 show that there is a significant improvement in the number of quantum cells and area occupancy. The proposed TB-ST 8-bit comparator uses 2.5 clock cycles and 622 quantum cells with area occupancy of 0.49 µm2 which is an improvement by 10.5% and 38%, respectively, compared to existing designs. Scaling it to a 32-bit comparator, the proposed architecture requires only 2675 quantum cells in an area of 2.05 µm2 with a delay of 3.5 clock cycles, indicating 9.35% and 28.8% improvements, respectively, demonstrating the merit of the proposed architecture. Besides, energy dissipation analysis of the proposed TB-ST 8-bit comparator is simulated on QCADesigner-E tool, indicating average energy dissipation reduction of 17.3% compared to existing works.
Neural Computing and Applications - Induction machines have extensive demand in industries as they are used for large-scale production and, therefore, vulnerable to both electrical and mechanical... 相似文献
Encryption is one of the fundamental technologies that is used in the security of multimedia data. Unlike ordinary computer applications, multimedia applications generate large amount of data that has to be processed in real time. This work investigates the problem of efficient multimedia data encryption. A scheme known as the Randomized Huffman Table scheme was recently proposed to achieve encryption along with compression. Though this scheme has several advantages it cannot overcome the chosen plaintext attack. An enhancement of this Huffman scheme is proposed in this work which essentially overcomes the attack and improves the security. The proposed encryption approach consists of two modules. The first module is the Randomized Huffman Table module, the output of which is fed to the second XOR module to enhance the performance. Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can withstand the chosen plaintext attack. The efficiency and security of the proposed scheme makes it an ideal choice for real time secure multimedia applications. 相似文献
Classical and quantum world views differ in peculiar ways. Understanding decisive quantum features—for which no classical explanation exist—and their interrelations is of foundational interest. Moreover, recognizing non-classical features carries practical significance in information processing tasks as it offers insights as to why quantum protocols work better than their classical counterparts. We focus here on two celebrated notions of non-classicality viz., negativity of P phase–space representation and entanglement in symmetric multiqubit systems. We prove that they imply each other. 相似文献
This study examines the long-term prognosis of patients with an abnormal exercise radionuclide angiogram in the absence of significant angiographic coronary artery disease (CAD). In general, patients without significant CAD have an excellent prognosis, but the long-term outcome for the subset of patients with an "ischemic" exercise test is not known. In this study, 161 patients with normal coronary arteries or insignificant CAD (< 50% left main and < 70% left anterior descending, left circumflex, or right), resting left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction > or = 0.50, and an abnormal exercise radionuclide angiogram (LV ejection fraction that decreased with exercise or peak exercise LV ejection fraction < 0.60) were followed for a median duration of 11.3 years. The mean delta LV ejection fraction was -0.07, 98 patients (61%) had a decrease in LV ejection fraction of > or = 5 units, and 40 patients (25%) had peak exercise LV ejection fraction < 0.50. During follow-up there were 19 deaths (only 1 of which was cardiac), 7 nonfatal myocardial infarctions, and 9 revascularization procedures. At 12 years, overall survival was 88%, better than the expected survival for the age- and sex-matched general population. Survival free of cardiac death or myocardial infarction was 94% and survival free of any cardiac event including revascularization was 88%. Thus, patients with an abnormal exercise radionuclide angiogram but without significant CAD have an excellent long-term prognosis. 相似文献
Results of measurement of elastic modulii on As-Sb-Se glasses are reported and their composition dependence discussed. The
Young’s and the shear modulii lie in the range of 170–210 and 65–80 kb respectively. These values are typical of chalcogenide
glasses. For (As, Sb)40Se60 glasses, the modulii increase monotonically with increasing Sb2Se3 content. The observed composition dependence of the modulii for the AsxSb15Se85 −x glasses is examined in terms of the chemically ordered structural units in the glasses. 相似文献
Recently, an increasing number of works start investigating the combination of fog computing and electronic health (ehealth) applications. However,
there are still numerous unresolved issues worth to be explored. For instance,
there is a lack of investigation on the disease prediction in fog environment
and only limited studies show, how the Quality of Service (QoS) levels of fog services and the data stream mining techniques influence each other to improve the
disease prediction performance (e.g., accuracy and time efficiency). To address
these issues, we propose a fog-based framework for disease prediction based
on Medical sensor data streams, named FogMed. This framework aims to
improve the disease prediction accuracy by achieving two objectives: QoS guarantee of fog services and anomaly prediction of Medical data streams. We build a
virtual FogMed environment and conduct comprehensive experiments on the public ECG dataset to validate the performance of FogMed. The experiment results
show that it performs better than the cloud computing model for processing tasks
with different complexities in terms of time efficiency. 相似文献
Nonclassical light and collapse-revival dynamics are consequences of dynamical quantum interference in transient photon-atom interaction. We study the time evolution of atom and photons in a high quality cavity for time-dependent atom-field coupling, with different initial field states and initial atomic states. The inversion for initial superposed atomic state seems to be independent of initial classical fields but can be stimulated by the Schrodinger cat field. Interesting effects of the transient coupling are found through analysis of the collapse-revival in population inversion and the features in the Wigner function. Oscillatory coupling coefficient can prolong the occurrence of collapse, in analogy to the Zeno effect. The intensity atom-field coupling duration is an important parameter for controlling atomic inversion and producing frozen nonclassical light in the cavity after the atom-field coupling ceases. 相似文献