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排序方式: 共有211条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Frischen Alexandra; Bayliss Andrew P.; Tipper Steven P. 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2007,133(4):694
During social interactions, people's eyes convey a wealth of information about their direction of attention and their emotional and mental states. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of past and current research into the perception of gaze behavior and its effect on the observer. This encompasses the perception of gaze direction and its influence on perception of the other person, as well as gaze-following behavior such as joint attention, in infant, adult, and clinical populations. Particular focus is given to the gaze-cueing paradigm that has been used to investigate the mechanisms of joint attention. The contribution of this paradigm has been significant and will likely continue to advance knowledge across diverse fields within psychology and neuroscience. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved) 相似文献
2.
The viscoelastic response of plasticized PVC was determined from stress-relaxation data over a wide range of time at different temperatures. The relaxation modulus as a function of time was determined from these data. The relaxation curves were then shifted horizontally to obtain a master curve at a reference temperature. The amount of shift was evaluated using the WLF equation. The coefficients C and C used in the equation for the PVC were determined according to the method of reduced variables. 相似文献
3.
Velin Kounev Martin Lévesque David Tipper Teresa Gomes 《Journal of Network and Systems Management》2016,24(3):629-652
In this paper, we discuss the communications reliability requirements posed by the smart power grid with a focus on communications in support of wide area situational awareness. Implementation of wide area situational awareness relies on both transmission substation networks and wide area optical networks. We study the reliability of a sample communications network of the California Power Grid and find that its reliability falls short of proposed requirements. To overcome this issue, we consider the problem of designing the substation network and the wide area network to meet the reliability requirements while minimizing the network cost. For the wide area network design problem, we propose two alternate design approaches, namely: (1) following the power lines and (2) a mesh based design interconnecting the nodes. For the first approach we develop two greedy iterative heuristics and a heuristic integer linear programming (H-ILP) model using minimum cut-sets for network reliability optimization. The greedy iterative algorithms outperform the H-ILP approach in terms of cost, but require a larger amount of computing resources. Both proposed models are in fact complementary and thus provide a framework to optimize the reliability of smart grid communications networks restricted to following the power lines. In the second approach a greenfield mesh network method is proposed based on starting with a minimum spanning tree which is then augmented through a greedy heuristic into a mesh. Comparative numerical results show that the reliable mesh design has advantages in terms of the number of links and total link distance needed. 相似文献
4.
Sujoy Basu Lauro Beltrão Costa Francisco Brasileiro Sujata Banerjee Puneet Sharma Sung-Ju Lee 《Peer-to-Peer Networking and Applications》2009,2(4):348-366
Large scale grid computing systems may provide multitudinous services, from different providers, whose quality of service
will vary. Moreover, services are deployed and undeployed in the grid with no central coordination. Thus, to find out the
most suitable service to fulfill their needs, or to find the most suitable set of resources on which to deploy their services,
grid users must resort to a Grid Information Service (GIS). This service allows users to submit rich queries that are normally
composed of multiple attributes and range operations. The ability to efficiently execute complex searches in a scalable and
reliable way is a key challenge for current GIS designs. Scalability issues are normally dealt with by using peer-to-peer
technologies. However, the more reliable peer-to-peer approaches do not cater for rich queries in a natural way. On the other
hand, approaches that can easily support these rich queries are less robust in the presence of failures. In this paper we
present the design of NodeWiz, a GIS that allows multi-attribute range queries to be performed efficiently in a distributed
manner, while maintaining load balance and resilience to failures. 相似文献
5.
6.
Galvin AL Tipper JL Jennings LM Stone MH Jin ZM Ingham E Fisher I 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2007,221(1):1-10
Crosslinked ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) has been developed and introduced into clinical practice in order to reduce wear in the hip. Zero wear of highly crosslinked UHMWPE in vitro has been reported by some groups using lubricants with high concentrations of serum proteins in hip simulators. In contrast, some clinical studies have reported finite wear rates. The aim of this study was to compare the wear rates, wear surfaces, and wear debris produced by UHMWPE with different levels of crosslinking in a hip joint simulator, with lower, more physiologically relevant concentrations of protein in the lubricant. The UHMWPEs were tested in the Leeds ProSim hip joint simulator against cobalt-chromium (CoCr) femoral heads. The wear particles were isolated and imaged using a field emission gun scanning electron microscope (FEGSEM) at high resolution. The highly crosslinked UHMWPEs had significantly lower wear volumes than the non-crosslinked UHMWPEs. No significant difference was found in the percentage number and percentage volume of the particles in different size ranges from any of the materials. They had similar values of specific biological activity. The functional biological activity (FBA), which takes into account the wear volume and specific biological activity, showed that the highly crosslinked UHMWPEs had lower FBAs due to their lower wear volume. 相似文献
7.
Aylin Aksu Prashant Krishnamurthy David Tipper Ozgur Ercetin 《Mobile Networks and Applications》2012,17(4):526-542
Cooperative transmissions have received recent attention and research papers have demonstrated their benefits for wireless networks. Such benefits include improving the reliability of links through diversity and/or increasing the reach of a link compared to a single transmitter transmitting to a single receiver (single-input single-output or SISO). In one form of cooperative transmissions, multiple nodes can act as virtual antenna elements and provide diversity gain or range improvement using space-time coding. In a multi-hop ad hoc or sensor network, a source node can make use of its neighbors as relays with itself to reach an intermediate node with greater reliability or at a larger distance than otherwise possible. The intermediate node will use its neighbors in a similar manner and this process continues till the destination is reached. Thus, for the same reliability of a link as SISO, the number of hops between a source and destination may be reduced using cooperative transmissions as each hop spans a larger distance. However, the presence of malicious or compromised nodes in the network impacts the benefits obtained with cooperative transmissions. Using more relays can increase the reach of a link, but if one or more relays are malicious, the transmission may fail. However, the relationships between the number of relays, the number of hops, and success probabilities are not trivial to determine. In this paper, we analyze this problem to understand the conditions under which cooperative transmissions fare better or worse than SISO transmissions. We take into consideration additional parameters such as the path-loss exponent and provide a framework that allows us to evaluate the conditions when cooperative transmissions are better than SISO transmissions. This analysis provides insights that can be employed before resorting to simulations or experimentation. 相似文献
8.
David Tipper 《Telecommunication Systems》2014,56(1):5-16
This paper highlights the complexity and challenges of providing reliable services in the evolving communications infrastructure. The hurdles in providing end-to-end availability guarantees are discussed and research problems identified. Avenues for overcoming some of the challenges examined are presented. This includes the use of a highly available network spine embedded in a physical network together with efficient crosslayer mapping to offer survivability and differentiation of traffic into classes of resilience. 相似文献
9.
Galvin AL Jennings LM Tipper JL Ingham E Fisher J 《Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers. Part H, Journal of engineering in medicine》2010,224(10):1175-1183
The wear and creep characteristics of highly crosslinked ultrahigh-molecular-weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) articulating against large-diameter (36mm) ceramic and cobalt chrome femoral heads have been investigated in a physiological anatomical hip joint simulator for 10 million cycles. The crosslinked UHMWPE/ceramic combination showed higher volume deformation due to creep plus wear during the first 2 million cycles, and a steady-state wear rate 40 per cent lower than that of the crosslinked UHMWPE/cobalt chrome combination. Wear particles were isolated and characterized from the hip simulator lubricants. The wear particles were similar in size and morphology for both head materials. The particle isolation methodology used could not detect a statistically significant difference between the particles produced by the cobalt chrome and alumina ceramic femoral heads. 相似文献
10.
Tanvi Bhasin Ashish Agarwal Sujata Sanghi R.K. Kotnala Jyoti Shah Manisha Yadav Muskaan Tuteja 《Ceramics International》2018,44(7):7629-7636
Multiferroic composites of spinel ferrite and ferroelectric xCoFe2O4 – (1-x)Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 (with x = 0.10,0.30,0.50) were efficiently prepared by standard solid state reaction mechanism. X-ray diffractometer was used to analyze crystal structure of the prepared composites. The observed XRD patterns of the composites comprise peaks of both the phases i.e. ferrite and ferroelectric, with no sign of secondary peaks. Rietveld refinement of XRD data further confirms the coexistence of these two phases with cubic (Fd3m) and rhombohedral (R3c) symmetry corresponding to ferrite and ferroelectric phase respectively. The 3-dimensional overview of crystal structure of pure CoFe2O4 and Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 and of composite 0.50CoFe2O4?0.50Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3 is generated by using refined parameters. The dielectric constant (ε´) and dielectric loss (tanδ) values were recorded as a function of frequency ranging from 100?Hz to 7?MHz and at different temperatures. Both ε´ and tanδ follow dispersion pattern at lower frequencies while show frequency independent behavior at higher frequencies. The magnetic evaluation carried by analyzing M-H hysteresis loop reveals the ferrimagnetic characteristics of these composites. The highest value of magnetic moment is 1.12μB observed for composite 0.50CoFe2O4 – 0.50Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3. Magnetoelectric (ME) voltage coefficient (α) was also demonstrated to observe the interaction between ferrite and ferroelectric phases. The highest value of α (72.72μV/Oe cm) is obtained for low ferrite composition 0.10CoFe2O4 – 0.90Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3, which suggests the dependence of magnetoelectric response on the resistivity of the composites. 相似文献