Efficiency of cyclical-and-continuous method in open pit mining

The article reviews in brief application of cyclical-and-continuous method in the conveyor-andtruck haulage in open pit mines. Consumption of materials and power is evaluated as a function of mined rock haulage volumes and depth of crush-and-reload station position in an open pit mine. The change in capital and operational cost to transport ore and hard overburden is studied at varied distances from a crushand- reload station in open pit to a surface receiving station. Efficiency of the conveyor-and-truck haulage using cyclical-and-continuous method is evaluated. In terms of deep and large mineral deposits, the authors substantiate positions for crush-and-reload stations in large open pit mines.     

Three-dimensional power system stabilizer

Power system stabilizers (PSSs) are used to enhance damping of power system oscillations through excitation control of synchronous generator. The objective of the PSS is to generate a stabilizing signal, which produces a damping torque component on the generator shaft. Conventional PSSs are designed with the phase compensation technique in the frequency domain and include the lead-lag blocks whose parameters are determined according to a linearized power system model. The performance of conventional PSSs (CPSSs) depends upon the generator operating point and the system parameters, but a reasonable level of robustness can be achieved depending on the tuning method. This paper presents a new three-dimensional PSS (3D PSS), which uses rotor speed deviation, rotor acceleration and load angle deviation as input signals. The 3D PSS attempts to return the generator to the state-space origin, based on the generator’s trajectory in state-space and the achievement of torque equilibrium. The 3D PSS is robust to system parameters changes. The proposed algorithm was implemented in a digital control system, tested in a laboratory environment on a synchronous generator connected to the power system, and then compared with CPSS. Experimental results show that the proposed PSS achieves better performance than the CPSS in damping oscillations.     

A New Optimization Technique in Massive MIMO and LSAS using Hybrid Architecture and Channel Estimation Algorithm for 5G Networks

Wireless Personal Communications - Massive Multiple Input Multiple Output (m-MIMO) or Large Scale Antenna System (LSAS) is the latest version of cellular network technology with the purpose to send...