Nighttime rubber tapping line detection in near-range images

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Despite many applications of computer vision for agricultural harvesting robots that focus on fruit detection, some agricultural applications are not...     

Realization of Tunable Pole-Q Current-Mode OTA-C Universal Filter

A realization of a current-mode operational transconductance amplifier-capacitor (OTA-C) universal filter with tunable pole-Q is proposed. A biquadratic band-reject function is used as the initial synthesis function based on three integrator blocks. Consequently, the proposed filter uses a total of three multiple-output OTAs and three grounded capacitors. Five types of transfer functions, namely, low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, band-reject, and all-pass responses, can be obtained without changing the circuit topology. The pole-Q (Q ₀) and the pole-frequency (ω ₀) parameters are independently tuned. The Q ₀ and ω ₀ parameters are electronically tuned by adjusting the transconductance gains of the OTAs. Furthermore, Q ₀ can be tuned by varying the capacitor manually without affecting ω ₀. SPICE simulation results of the proposed filter are presented.