Active vertical-coupler-based optical crosspoint switch matrix for optical packet-switching applications

Packet-switching characteristics are optimized across an integrated 4 /spl times/ 4 optical crosspoint switch matrix consisting of active vertical-coupler-based switch cells. Optical gain difference between the shortest and the longest paths less than 3 dB is demonstrated. Bit error rate (BER) and power penalty measurements during packet routing have also been carried out over the entire 4 /spl times/ 4 matrix. At a 10-Gb/s packet data rate, a less than 1-dB power penalty is observed across the switch matrix, and the possibility for error-free packet routing is demonstrated with no BER floor observed.     

A fully packaged 4/spl times/4 integrated optical switch matrix

This paper describes a packaged and fiber array coupled 4/spl times/4 optical crosspoint switch designed for optical packet switching. Alignment and fixation techniques of two perpendicular fiber arrays to the integrated InP-based switch chip have been developed. Thermal management is also included in the packaging. The packaged devices demonstrate long-term stability and have been used in switch modules, including the packaged device and electronic interfaces.     

Lossless optical packet multicast using active vertical coupler based optical crosspoint switch matrix

This paper investigates a novel optical multicast scheme without excess optical splitting loss to be realized using an active vertical coupler (AVC)-based optical switch matrix, due to the optical gain available in the AVC switch cells. Theoretical analysis and computer simulation have been carried out regarding the operational principle and switching characteristics of this scheme. Computer simulation further suggests that the amplified spontaneous emission (ASE)-limited scalability of the scheme can be as high as more than 40. Experiments using an existing 4 /spl times/ 4 switch-matrix device successfully demonstrated the predicted multicast switching operation. Measured switching characteristics and the optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) values are in good agreement with simulation predictions. High switched-signal Q-factor values of 1-to-2 and 1-to-3 multicasting configurations indicate that the scale of the multicasting scheme can be further increased significantly.     

Optical Properties of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) Ferroelectric Thin Films

Barium strontium titanate (Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃) ferroelectric thin films have been prepared on single crystal [001] MgO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis show the films were oriented with the [001] direction perpendicular to the plane of the substrate. The refractive index of Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃ is determined from model fitting with the calculated data of the reflectivity of Ba_0.05Sr_0.95TiO₃ in the wavelength 1450-1580 nm at the room temperature. The dispersion curve decreases gradually with increasing wavelength. The average value of the refractive index is found to be 1.985 in the wavelength 1450-1580 nm which is important for optoelectronic device applications.