Nb,Ti微合金钢热变形的动态模拟变形抗力模型

本文报道 Nb,Ti 微合金钢的热变形动态模拟变形抗力模型。在试验中用热加工模拟试验机进行高温压缩试验,其变形温度为1123—1423K,变形速率为0.1—60s~(-1)。结果表明,在峰值以前该钢种的流变应力数学模型为:σ=5.99.ε~(0.167)·(?)~(6.47×10~(-5)·T)·exp(4064/T)。形变激活能(Q)为444 kJ/mol,β系数为0.080。峰值应力(σ_p),临界应变(ε_c)和温度补偿应变速率参数(Z)之间的关系分别为:σ_p=12.56·lnZ-391.8;lnε_c=0.157·lnZ-7.39。     

Diffusion Behaviour of Fe-Cu Interface of Copper Brazed Double-wall Steel Tubes

By means of electron probe(EPMA),scanning electron microscope(SEM),and optical microscope(QM),the diffusion behaviour on the Fe-Cu interface of copper brazed double-wall steel tubes andthe microstructure of the diffusion layer have been investigated.There are three kinds of metallurgicalbonds between copper plating layer and steel substrate: (1)the Cu diffusing into steel substratealong grain boundary of ferrite;(2)the Cu diffusion into grain bulk of ferrite: (3)the Fe diffusing intoCu layer.The copper brazed double-wall steel tubes are formed by the combination of the diffusionsmentioned above and this is the reason for excellent mechanical and technological properties of thecopper brazed double-wall steel tubes.     

准分子激光泵浦的皮秒染料激光器

利用准分子激光泵浦猝灭式染料激光器，获得了３０ｐｓ的可调谐染料激光脉冲输出。     

基于最短路径树的优化生存时间路由算法

为提高无线传感网的生存时间,提出基于最短路径树的优化生存时间路由算法(LORA_SPT).该算法引入节点分类概念,构造基于链路能耗因子、自身节点剩余能量因子、邻居节点剩余能量因子和类型权重因子等多个因子的权值函数.针对不同类型的节点采用不同的权重因子,最后利用dijkstra算法完成最短路径树,所有节点沿着最短路径树将...     

Sink节点移动的无线传感网生存时间优化算法

为提高网络最大生存时间,提出Sink节点移动的无线传感网生存时间优化算法(LOAMSN)。该算法分析Sink节点移动时的流量平衡约束、最大传输速率约束、节点能耗约束等约束条件,将生存时间优化问题转化成优化模型。提出Sink节点的移动方法,即Sink节点利用节点的度值构建其移动路径,按照此路径循环移动收集数据。将Sink节点的移动认为是离散运动,Sink节点移动的生存时间优化模型分解成若干个Sink节点静止的生存时间优化模型,采用牛顿法求解每个Sink节点静止的优化模型,获得网络最大生存时间和节点发送数据量的最优值。仿真结果表明:LOAMSN算法能减少Sink节点停留位置上的节点能耗,平衡网络负载和节点能耗,提高网络最大生存时间。在一定条件下,LOAMSN算法比Sink节点静止时更优。     

高强度钢腐蚀疲劳裂纹扩展的温度效应和过载迟滞效应

通过在18,35和55℃蒸馏水中疲劳裂纹扩展试验,证明了超高强度钢30CrMnSiNi2A腐蚀疲劳具有强烈的温度效应,得到了ΔK值和温度对裂纹扩展速率影响的复合表达式。由于扩展速率数据拟合得到的表观激活能值(36.7kJ/mol)十分接近于氢在γ-Fe中的扩散激活能值,支持了氢助裂纹扩展的观点。对大气中疲劳裂纹扩展具有重要价值的过载迟滞效应,在腐蚀疲劳时显著地减小,在0.1Hz的低频率下尤其明显。     

Experimental investigation on evaporation interface temperature and evaporation rate of water in its own vapor at low pressures

Evaporative phase transitions are widely present in industrial production and daily life such as thin film processes and crystal growth. The evaporation of the liquid layer and the thermocapillary convection affect each other and restrict each other, making the energy transfer mechanism of the evaporation interface very complicated. To understand the evaporation characteristics of water in its low-pressure pure vapor environment, a series of experimental studies were carried out on the temperature distributions and evaporating rate of water evaporation in the annular pool. The cylinder temperature of the annular liquid pool is controlled between 3℃ and 15℃, and the evaporation environment pressure ranges from 394 Pa to 1467 Pa, when the temperature measurement starts, the depth of water is 10 mm. The results show that the temperature of the vapor side on the liquid-vapor interface is higher than that of the liquid side and there is an obvious temperature jump across the vapor-liquid interface. With the decrease of the pressure ratio, the evaporation rate increases, and the interface temperature jump is enlarged. Meanwhile, with the increase of the distance from the cylinder, the local evaporation rate decreases, thus, the temperature jump decreases. At the same pressure ratio, as the cylinder temperature increases, the heat flux from vapor side decreases, the temperature jump decreases at all measurement points. Within the experimental controlled parameters, the maximum temperature jump obtained in the measurements is 2.56℃. Due to the coupling effect of evaporation cooling and thermocapillary convection, there is a uniform temperature layer with a thickness of about 2 mm under the evaporation interface. The thickness of the uniform temperature layer near the cylinder is always larger than that in the middle of the evaporation interface. In the uniform temperature layer, the thermocapillary convection induced by radial temperature gradient transfers heat from the cylinder to the liquid-vapor interface to compensate for the latent heat of evaporation. Below the uniform temperature layer, the temperature rises rapidly due to heat conduction and buoyancy convection.     

EFFECT OF LASER SCANNING SPEED ON PHASE CONSTITUTION AND WEAR RESISTANCE OF LASER CLADDING HARD FACING ALLOY STELLITE 12

Effect of laser scanning speed on phase constitution,microstructure,microhardness and wearresistance of laser-cladding hard facing alloy Stellite 12 has been investigated by means of across-flow-type CO_2 laser of 1.5 kW.The laser-cladding layer on the alloy consists of ma-trix phase of suppersaturated solid solution γ(Co,Cr)and complex hexagonal carbideM_7C_3.Under certain condition,at higher laser scanning speed,the suppersaturated solubilityof elements increases in γ(Co,Cr),and the precipitation of the complex carbtde M_7C_3 de-creases,so the microhardness increases and the wear resistance decreases.But at slower laserscanning speed,more complex carbide M_7C_3 may precipitate,and the wear resistance may beimproved.Therefore,it is believed that the principal factor in improving wear resistance is theprecipitation of carbide M_7C_3,while increment of microhardness is the suppersaturated solu-bility of elements in matrix phase γ(Co,Cr).     

激光熔覆Stellite硬面合金扫描速度对相组织和耐磨性的影响

本文报导应用横流式连续CO_2激光器,采用不同激光扫描速度,对熔覆Stellite 12钴基硬面合金的合金层的相组成、微观组织结构对耐磨性和显微硬度影响的研究结果。表明:(1)激光熔覆合金层是由过饱和的γ(Co,Cr)基体相和复杂的六方M_7C_3碳化物相所组成(2)在其他参数不变的情况下,随激光扫描速度的提高,γ(Co,Cr)基体相过饱和度增大,而析出的碳化物含量减少,因而合金层的硬度升高,耐磨性有所下降;而降低激光的扫描速度,碳化物M_7C_3析出增加,有利于提高合金层的耐磨性、因此碳化物M_7C_3析出量是提高耐磨性的主要因素,而增加基体相γ(Co,Cr)的过饱和度则是硬度提高的主要因素     

移动无线传感网中的迭代蒙特卡罗定位算法研究

研究移动无线传感网中的节点定位问题,分析影响蒙特卡罗定位精度的两个因素:观测值和前一时刻的位置样本集,提出一种迭代蒙特卡罗定位算法。该算法中,信标节点的位置信息在每个时间段只被它的邻居节点转发一次,但是接收到该信息的其他节点会保存它们,并在下一时间段将它们与待发送/转发的信息融合成一个数据包进一步转发,增加待定位节点用于估算前几个时间段位置样本集的观测值。待定位节点再利用蒙特卡罗算法迭代计算前面时间段的位置样本集,并充分利用观测值滤除较差样本,从而提高当前时刻的定位精度。仿真实验表明改进算法提高了定位准确度。当信标节点密度较低时,更能体现改进算法的优越性。