稀土元素Sm和Ce对Mg-Y系合金组织和性能的影响

采用混合气体保护制备了含Sm、Ce的Mg-2.8Y-0.6Zr-X 合金。通过光学金相分析(OM)、扫描电子显微分析(SEM)、X射线衍射分析(XRD)、拉伸等多种分析和测试手段,研究了Sm、Ce对合金的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果显示,Sm、Ce的加入使得合金晶粒更加细化,组织更加均匀;Sm的加入使合金的抗拉强度提高了48%;Sm与Ce的复合添加恶化合金力学性能,而加入Zn锌后合金的屈服强度明显提高。     

墒情评价指标方法研究及应用

应用田间持水量实验成果，以旱情调查、历史旱情分析数据成果、历史典型年的墒情农情等资料分析建立起不同土壤质地、不同土层深度、不同干旱等级框架下的墒情评价指标。实践检验证明该评价指标使用简便、评价范围广且针对性强、评价结果合理并符合旱情实际。     

杭州百大·西子国际广场项目空中连廊施工技术

结合工程实例,介绍了（超）高层建筑空中走廊钢筋混凝土结构高空装配式型钢结构平台支撑体系的设计和施工方法。该技术是对传统的落地式或钢桁架搭设满堂脚手架支模体系的一种创新,具有满足高空施工条件、降低施工费用、加快施工速度以及安全可靠的特点。     

Experimental and numerical investigation on the performance of amorphous silicon photovoltaics window in East China

Experiments in a comparable hot-box have been carried out for the study of the thermal performance and power generation of a double-glazing window system integrated with amorphous silicon (a-Si) photovoltaic (PV) cells in Hefei, east region of China. Compared to PV single-glazing window, the indoor heat gain of PV double-glazing window is reduced to 46.5% based on experiment data. The electric efficiencies are both about 3.65% with packing factor 0.8 of PV single-glazing window and PV double-glazing window. The numerical simulation with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method has been performed for the prediction of air flow and thermal performance of PV double-glass window. The temperature distribution and thermal performance predicted by the CFD model are in good agreement with the experimental data. Compared between the experimental and numerical results, temperature differences of PV modules are only 1.7% and 1.1% for PV double-glazing and PV single-glazing window, respectively. Because of the much lower inner surface temperature of PV double-glazing window compared with that of PV single-glazing window, the predicted mean vote (PMV) of the office work stage area with PV double-glazing window is well improved.     

CIRCUMFERENTIAL EQUISPACED CURVES＇S IMAGE DETECTION TECHNIQUE AND ITS APPLAICATION ON RIFLING ANGLE MEASUREMENT

Aiming at the parameter detection of the circumferential equispaced curves and on the background of the rifling paramcter detection,a panoramic image based detection technique is proposed,which employs the panoramic image photographed by a tamper reflector and a CCD camera to detect the parameter of the circumferential equispaced curves,the effect of the system‘s off-center error,deflection error and pixel error on the parameter detection is analyzed which shows that this technique make a good use of the property of the circumferential equispaced,and has a high power of anti off-center error and anti deflection error resulting a high precision at the parameter measurement on circumferetial equispaced curves.     

元素分析技术在煤质分析中的应用

在线煤质分析是我国煤炭行业发展过程中两化融合的核心之一，为了能够对煤炭工业指标进行快速分析，代替传统化学分析方法，提高信息化、自动化水平，针对无放射性元素分析技术检测方法研究了激光光谱分析技术，该技术能够实现煤炭中C、H、O、Si、Al、Fe、Ca、K、Na、Ti元素的成分分析。试验过程中通过从现场得到的煤样进行配比，得到6组试验样品，通过化验得到样品中各种元素的含量。利用模拟装置针对煤炭进行激光激发，得到激光光谱，通过偏最小二乘法和多元线性回归方法进行分析，最终得到了较好的对照结果。同时可通过相应的元素分析得到煤炭工业指标中灰分、水分、热值、挥发份等指标，该方法可对煤炭的生产工艺进行有效的监督和控制，以提高产品品质及经济效益。     

Structural, electrical and optical properties of annealed Al/Sb multiayer films

The multilayer Al/Sb thin films were deposited on quartz glass substrates using magnetron sputtering method and annealed at high temperature to obtain AlSb films. The experimental conditions were optimized to obtain the AlSb single phase. XRD measurements indicate that high-temperature annealing is necessary to form AlSb and is helpful to the grain growth of AlSb polycrystalline. The average grain size of AlSb polycrystalline increases obviously with the increase in annealing temperature when higher than 500 °C. The electrical measurements show that the prepared AlSb films are p-type semiconductors with the conductivity activation energy of 0.21 and 0.01 eV. The optical band gap for a typical AlSb film is 1.76 eV. The obvious photovoltaic effect has been observed in TCO/CdS/AlSb/ZnTe:Cu/Au devices, which demonstrated the potential of AlSb film as the absorber layer in thin film solar cells.     

Polyoxometalate-based ionic liquids as catalysts for deep desulfurization of fuels

In order to obtain the ultra low-sulfur diesel, deep desulfurization of diesel oil has become a vital subject of environmental catalysis studies. Extraction and catalytic oxidation desulfurization (ECODS) system is one of the most promising desulfurization processes. A series of Keggin-type POM-based ionic liquids hybrid materials [MIMPS]₃PW₁₂O₄₀·2H₂O (1-(3-sulfonic group) propyl-3-methyl imidazolium phosphotungstate), [Bmim]₃PW₁₂O₄₀ (1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium phosphotungstate), [Bmim]₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ (1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium phosphomolybdate) and [Bmim]₄SiW₁₂O₄₀ (1-butyl-3-methyl imidazolium silicotungstate) have been developed in this study, and the reaction has performed using the POM-ILs materials as catalysts, H₂O₂ as oxidant, and ionic liquid (IL) as solvent. Through experimental evaluations, [MIMPS]₃PW₁₂O₄₀·2H₂O was found to be the best catalyst, with an S-removal of 100% at 30 °C for 1 h. The main factors affecting the process including temperature, catalyst dosage, and O/S (H₂O₂/DBT) molar ratio were investigated in detail. Under the optimal conditions, DBT (dibenzothiophene) and 4,6-DMDBT (4,6-dimethyl-dibenzothiophene) could achieve high desulfurization efficiency. Moreover, the reaction system also exhibited high activity in actual diesel oil, which could be reduced from 1113 ppm to 198 ppm. The reaction system could recycle 8-times with a slight decrease in activity.     

高浓煤水混合物流变特性

引言 增压流化燃烧用的高固相浓度煤水混合物(又称水煤膏,CWM)是一种由水和一定粒度分布的煤颗粒(有时也加入脱硫剂)直接混合而成的高浓度多级分散悬浮体系,影响其流变我的因素相当复杂.     

Potential prediction of the microbial spoilage of beef using spatially resolved hyperspectral scattering profiles

Spoilage in beef is the result of decomposition and the formation of metabolites caused by the growth and enzymatic activity of microorganisms. There is still no technology for the rapid, accurate and non-destructive detection of bacterially spoiled or contaminated beef. In this study, hyperspectral imaging technique was exploited to measure biochemical changes within the fresh beef. Fresh beef rump steaks were purchased from a commercial plant, and left to spoil in refrigerator at 8 °C. Every 12 h, hyperspectral scattering profiles over the spectral region between 400 and 1100 nm were collected directly from the sample surface in reflection pattern in order to develop an optimal model for prediction of the beef spoilage, in parallel the total viable count (TVC) per gram of beef were obtained by classical microbiological plating methods. The spectral scattering profiles at individual wavelengths were fitted accurately by a two-parameter Lorentzian distribution function. TVC prediction models were developed, using multi-linear regression, on relating individual Lorentzian parameters and their combinations at different wavelengths to log₁₀(TVC) value. The best predictions were obtained with r² = 0.95 and SEP = 0.30 for log₁₀(TVC). The research demonstrated that hyperspectral imaging technique showed potential for real-time and non-destructive detection of bacterial spoilage in beef.